grammar terms Flashcards
nominative case
“lifted up, to initiate” - often the subj of a sentence that initiates, or begins, the sentence.
marfuu3
nominative (Damma)
Damma goes with . . .
marfuu3 (nominative)
accusative case
“to set up” - often the object of the verb. think of a tent being set up.
manSuub
accusative (fatHa)
fatHa goes with . . .
manSuub (accusative)
genitive case
“to pull, to draw, as in a wagon” - used to show possession and also used after prepositions. think of something belonging to something else being pulled along.
majruur
genitive (kasra)
kasra goes with . . .
majruur (genitive)
genitive/possessive construct
‘iDaafi
diptote
mamnuu3 min iSSarf
grammar
qawaa3id
definite
mu3arraf
indefinite
gayr mu3arraf
feminine
mu’annath
masculine
muTHakkar
dual
muthanna
plural
jami3
singular
mufrad
definite article
al itta3riif
case
Haali
always this way, built
mabni
apposition (word used for clarity)
badal
adjective
Sifa
noun/s
ism / asmaa
form/s (e.g. verbs)
wazin / ‘awzaan
nunation
tanwiin
2 dammas
Dammatayn
2 fathas
fatHatayn
2 kasras
kasratayn
nominal sentence
jumli ismiyyi
subject of a sentence
mubtada’
subject of a verb, the doer
faa3il
predicate of a nominal sentence
xabar jumli ismiyyi
subject of a passive verb
naa’ib faa3il
vocative (e.g. “ya _______”)
munaada
object of a verb
maf3uul bihi
verb in past tense
fi3il maaDi mabni
condition
Haal
all words after the first word in a genitive construct
muDaaf ‘ilayhi
genitive after a preposition
majruur ba3d Harf jarr
a preposition
Harf jarr
What happens to a diptote if a ta’ marbuuTa is added to make it feminine?
It ceases to be a diptote.
Do diptotes take nunation?
No
What is the genitive ending of a diptote instead of kasra?
fatHa
What is the genitive ending of a diptote instead of kasratayn?
fatHa
first word of a genitive construct
muDaaf
verbal sentence
jumli fi3liiya
jumli fi3liiya
verbal sentence
the sound masculine plural
jam3 ilmuTHakkar issaalim
jam3 ilmuTHakkar issaalim
the sound masculine plural
the sound feminine plural
jam3 ilmu’annath issaalim
jam3 ilmu’annath issaalim
the sound feminine plural
jumli ismiyyi
nominal sentence
maf3uul bihi
object of a verb