Grammar, Spelling, Parts of Speech

Question 1

Subject (2 points)

Answer 1

a) what a subject/clause/phrase is about or b) who or what performs the action

Question 2

Predicate (2 points)

Answer 2

Modifies the subject and includes the verb, objects, or phrases governed by the verb.

Question 3

Compound subjects

Answer 3

Made up of two or more simple subjects, usually joined by “and”

Question 4

Compound predicate

Answer 4

Made up of two or more simple predicates, usually joined by “and”

Question 5

Direct Object (2 points)

Answer 5

Who/what receives the action of the verb.

A noun/pronoun that follows an action verb.

Question 6

Indirect Object (2 points)

Answer 6

The noun/pronoun that tells to/for whom an action is done.

ALWAYS PLACED BETWEEN THE ACTION VERB AND THE DIRECT OBJECT.

Question 7

Where is the indirect object always placed?

Answer 7

Between the action verb and the direct object.

Question 8

What is another way to recognize an indirect object?

Answer 8

Rearrange the sentence and add “to ___” or “for ____”

Question 9

Subject complement (2 points)

Answer 9

The noun, pronoun, or adjective that comes after a linking verb.
Renames or tells something about the subject.

Question 10

Independent clause

Answer 10

Can stand alone in a sentence because it expresses a full though

Question 11

Subordinate clause (2 points)

Answer 11

has a subject and a predicate but cannot stand alone in a sentence because it doesn’t express a complete though.
Needs to be joined with an independent clause

Question 12

Independent Clause

Answer 12

Can stand alone in a sentence bc expresses a full thought.

Question 13

Adjective/adverb/noun clause: Basic idea.

Answer 13

Clauses that can act as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs in a sentence.

Question 14

Adjective clause

Answer 14

A subordinate clause that modifies a noun/pronoun. It answers “which one” or “what kind.”
(usually modifies word directly preceding it)

Question 15

What type of word do most adjective clauses begin with?

Answer 15

Relative pronouns i/e/ who, whom, whose, which, and that.

Question 16

Adverb clause

Answer 16

A subordinate clause that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Answers questions “how,” “under what condition,” or “why.”

Question 17

What kind of words introduce adverb clauses?

Answer 17

Subordinating conjunctions, i/e/ when, after, before, since, although, because.

Question 18

Noun Clause

Answer 18

A subordinate clause that acts like a noun in a sentence (i.e. subject, direct object, subject complement)

Question 19

4 Types of sentence structures

Answer 19

Simple, compound, complex, compound-complex

Question 20

Simple

Answer 20

One independent clause

Question 21

Compound

Answer 21

At least two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOY)

Question 22

Complex

Answer 22

Expresses a complete thought using one independent clause and at least one subordinate clause

Question 23

Compound Complex

Answer 23

Contains at least two independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause

Question 24

Sentence fragments

Answer 24

Incomplete sentences that do not express a full thought.

Question 25

Run-on sentences/comma splice errors

Answer 25

Comma joins 2 independent clauses. Should use other punctuation.

Question 26

Active voice

Answer 26

When the subject performs the action

Question 27

Passive

Answer 27

When the subject is being acted upon by the verb

Question 28

Misplaced and dangling modifiers

Answer 28

Wrong: I read last week about a tornado in the newspaper Right: I read about a tornado in the newspaper last week.

Question 29

Prepositional Phrases

Answer 29

A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun/pronoun. Can act as adjectives or adverbs in a sentence.

Question 30

Noun

Answer 30

A person, place, thing, or idea

Question 31

Common, proper, collective nouns (Examples)

Answer 31

cat Ottawa class

Question 32

5 noun functions

Answer 32

``` Subject Direct Object Indirect Object Object of the preposition Subject completion/subject completion ```

Question 33

Verb

Answer 33

An action word, or a word that describes a state of being

Question 34

3 kinds of verbs

Answer 34

Action Linking Auxiliary

Question 35

Linking verb

Answer 35

Non-action verbs, states of being (aka copula verbs). Link descriptions to subject. i.e. I AM happy

Question 36

Action verbs

Answer 36

A verb that conveys an action or an occurrence. | i.e. I run like the wind

Question 37

Auxiliary

Answer 37

``` Indicate tense (Time/condition). Go before other verbs. i.e. I will go, I have gone, I should go. ```

Question 38

Adjective

Answer 38

A word that modifies a noun/pronoun. Answers "which one? How many? What kind?"

Question 39

2 adjectives are employed so often that have special names.

Answer 39

The (Definite Article) | A(n) (Indefinite article)

Question 40

Comparative | Superlative

Answer 40

Comparative: add "-er" or "more" Superlative: add "-est" or "most"

Question 41

Preposition

Answer 41

Relates its object (noun/pronoun) to another word in the sentence. Never appears alone. Always followed by a noun/pronoun called the object of the preposition.

Question 42

What kind of noun follows a preposition?

Answer 42

Object of the preposition.

Question 43

Conjunction

Answer 43

A word (or words) that is used to connect sentence parts.

Question 44

3 Types of conjunctions

Answer 44

Coordinate Correlative Subordinate

Question 45

Coordinate

Answer 45

FANBOYS (For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) used to join any two or more equivalent grammatical units.

Question 46

Correlative

Answer 46

Always come in pair. "Not only... but(/also)" "(n)either... (n)or" etc.

Question 47

Subordinate conjunction

Answer 47

Introduces a subordinate clause and links it to the principal clause.

Question 48

Pronoun

Answer 48

A word used in place of a noun.

Question 49

The noun a pronoun refers to is called the...

Answer 49

Antecedent

Question 50

Pronouns can act as 2 other parts of speech aside from nouns.

Answer 50

Adjective (i.e. his book, her notes.) | Subordinate conjunctions to introduce subordinate clauses (i.e. the boy, who goes to Lisgar, wants to be a lawyer.)

Question 51

Interjection

Answer 51

A word that has no grammatical place in the sentence. Often an expression of emotion. i.e. Hurray! Oh! Ah!

Question 52

1. Silent e and suffixes

Answer 52

Drop the final, silent e when adding a suffix beginning with a vowel. Keep it when the suffix begins with a consonant. i.e. Likable

Question 53

2. Doubling consonant of root word

Answer 53

When adding a suffix beginning with a vowel, double the final consonant of the root word if the word ends consonant, vowel, consonant, and it stressed on the last syllable. i.e. Committed

Question 54

3. I before E...

Answer 54

Write I before E, except after C, or when pronounced A as in neighbour and weigh. If short E or long I is the sound that is right, write E before I as in their and in height. i.e. Friend, Height.

Question 55

Comma rules; TIPS

Answer 55

Set off Though interrupters or unnecessary information Place a comma after Introductory words/phrases Place a comma before a coordinating conjunction which joins the principal clauses Seperate items in a Series of three or more