grammar rules and practice questions

Question 1

tan + adjective or adverb + como

Answer 1

as…as

Question 2

tanto (-a, -os, -as) + noun + como

Answer 2

as much/many as

Question 3

más + adjective, noun, or adverb + que

Answer 3

more…than

Question 4

menos + adjective, noun, or adverb + que

Answer 4

less…than

Question 5

Paco is less intelligent than his sister.

Answer 5

Paco es menos inteligente que su hermana.

Question 6

To express a comparison of inequality with verbs, place más que or menos que _____ the verb.

Answer 6

after

Question 7

mejor

Answer 7

better

Question 8

peor

Answer 8

worse

Question 9

mayor

Answer 9

older/larger/greater

Question 10

menor

Answer 10

younger/smaller

Question 11

present perfect

Answer 11

haber + past participle
(have/has) + (-en, -ed)
he
has
ha
hemas
han
- ar - ado
- er/ir - ido

Question 12

irregular past participles

Answer 12

abrir - abierto
decir - dicho
escribir - escrito
hacer - hecho
morir - muerto
poner - puesto
ver - visto
volver - vuelto

Question 13

present perfect - Juan (comer) __ __ hoy.

Answer 13

Juan ha comido hoy.

Question 14

present perfect - Ella (escribir) __ __ el ensayo.

Answer 14

Ella ha escrito el ensayo.

Question 15

Whenever the stem of the past participle of an –er or –ir verb ends in an a, e, or o, there is a _______________

Answer 15

written accent over the i

Question 16

like all adjectives, they have to agree in ______ and ______ with the noun they describe

Answer 16

number and gender

Question 17

single, completed action
highlighted, main action
beginning or end of an event
action that interrupts another

Answer 17

preterite tense

Question 18

habitual action or event
background action
middle of an event
ongoing event or action

Answer 18

imperfect tense

Question 19

key words for the preterite

Answer 19

ayer - yesterday
anteayer - day before yesterday
anoche - last night
una vez - one time, once
dos veces - two times, twice
el mes pasado - last month
de repente - all of a sudden

Question 20

key words for the imperfect

Answer 20

todos los dias - everyday
cada semana - every week
siempre - always
frecuentemente - frequently
de nino - as a child
de joven - as a young person

Question 21

imperfect conjugation

Answer 21

ar
- aba
- abas
- aba
- ábamos
- aban

er/-ir
-ía
-ías
-ía
-íamos
-ían

Question 22

preterite conjugation

Answer 22

ar
- é
- aste
- ó
- amos
- aron

er/ir
- í
- iste
- ió
- imos
-ieron

Question 23

stem changers in the preterite

Answer 23

only ir verbs in 3rd person sing. and plural - e -> i or o -> u

Question 24

three irregulars in imperfect

Answer 24

ir - iba
ser - era
ver - veía

Question 25

ir + ser conjugation in the preterite (identical twins)

Answer 25

• fui
• fuiste

-fue
-fuimos
-fueron

Question 26

dar + ver preterite conjugation - fraternal twins

Answer 26

dar ver
di vi
diste viste
dio vio
dimos. vimos
dieron. vieron

Question 27

hacer preterite conjugation - redheaded stepchild

Answer 27

hice
hiciste
hizo
hicimos
hicieron

Question 28

irregular verbs in the preterite

Answer 28

poder - pud, poner - pus, saber - sup, querer - quis, venir - vin, estar - estuv, tener - tuv

Question 29

nosotros _____ (llegar) a la fiesta a las ocho de la noche.

Answer 29

llegamos - preterite conjugation because it’s a completed action

Question 30

de joven mis primos y yo ____ (reunirse) todos los veranos.

Answer 30

nos (!!) reuníamos - imperfect because it’s an ongoing, repeated event

Question 31

Anoche Guillermo _____ (cenar), _______ (estudiar), y _____ (acostarse).

Answer 31

cenó, estudió, se (!!) acostó - preterite

Question 32

Los estudiantes ______ (tener) que estudiar, pero _____ (ir) a la fiesta.

Answer 32

tenían - imperfect, fueron - preterite

Question 33

Guillermina no _____ (saber) que el examen final es el viernes.

Answer 33

sabía - preterite

Question 34

______ (ser) la una de tarde caundo yo ______ (salir) de mi casa.

Answer 34

era - imperfect
salí - preterite

Question 35

La muchacha ______ (ir) a llamar a sus abuelos pero _______ (olvidar).

Answer 35

iba - imperfect because she MEANT to do it but didn’t
olvidó - preterite because the act of forgetting is a singular event

Question 36

unstressed possessive adjective for my

Answer 36

mi, mis

Question 37

unstressed possessive adjective for your

Answer 37

tu, tus

Question 38

unstressed possessive adjective for his/her/its/their/your

Answer 38

su, sus

Question 39

unstressed possessive adjective for our

Answer 39

nuestro (-a, -os, -as)

Question 40

The unstressed form of the possessive adjective always _____ and_____ in number with the noun it modifies.

Answer 40

precedes and agrees

Question 41

Sometimes, for clarity, su + its noun is replaced by…

Answer 41

definite article + noun +prepositional phrase

Question 42

The plural reflexive pronouns can also be used in _______ _________, where two people perform an action to or for each other.

Answer 42

reciprocal constructions

Question 43

el uno al otro, unos a otros, unas a otras, entre sí, mutuamente

Answer 43

each other/mutually

Question 44

a sí mismo/a sí misma

Answer 44

myself

Question 45

To form an adverb, you…

Answer 45

you take the feminine form of an adjective (ending in the letter -a) and add -mente. If there is not a feminine form, simply add -mente.

Question 46

When adverbs modify a verb, they usually…

Answer 46

follow it or are placed as close as possible

Question 47

When an adverb modifies an adjective…

Answer 47

it precedes it

Question 48

What are the relative pronouns?

Answer 48

que, quien, lo que

Question 49

relative pronoun that can be used to refer to people or thinds

Answer 49

que (that, who)

Question 50

relative pronoun used only for people and when preceded by a preposition OR used as an indirect object

Answer 50

quien (who)

Question 51

que and quien carry written accents when…

Answer 51

used in interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences

Question 52

translates to as what . . . or the thing that . . .

Answer 52

lo que