Grammar Rules Flashcards
Articles;
What is the indefinite article? (L’articolo inderminativo)
Equivalent to a/an
Articles;
What are the indefinite articles and when are they used?
Masculine (s) - Un
Masculine (s) - Uno - used when the masculine word begins with s (+ another constonant) or when the word begins with z or when a word begins with ps,pn or gn
Feminine (s) Una
Feminine (s) Un’ - used when the feminine word begins with a vowel
Articles;
What are the definite articles and when are they used?
Masculine (s) - il
Masculine (s) - l’ - used when the word begins with a vowel.
Masucline (s) lo - used when the word begins with s (+ another constonant), x, y, z, pn, ps or gn.
Masculine (p) - i - o becomes i
Masculine (p) - gli - where l’ or lo would have been used.
Feminine (s) - la
Feminine (s) - l’ - words beginning with a vowel
Feminine (p) - le
Nouns;
How can you tell a nouns gender?
Masculine nouns - mostly end in -o
Masculine nouns- mostly all words ending in a consonant
Feminine nouns - mostly end in -a
Feminine nouns- most words ending in à, -sione or -zione
Nouns;
Name some verbs with irregular genders
LA mano - the hand
LA foto - the photo
LA radio - the radio
LA moto - the motorbike
IL problema - the problem
IL programma - the programme
IL sistema - the system
IL clima - the climate
Nouns;
How does a noun ending in -tore become feminine?
The ending is changed to -trice
EXAMPLE-
un attore
un’attrice
un pittore
una pittrice
Nouns;
Give examples of masculine words ending in -a where the ending doesn’t need to change to become feminine.
Un dentista
Una dentista
Un turista
Una turista
Un collega
Una collega
Nouns;
What are the grammar rules for turning nouns from the singular to the plural?
Masculine - ALL masculine words (ending in -o, -e, or -a) become -i.
Feminine- -a becomes -e
Feminine- e becomes -i
Which nouns do not change in the plural?
Feminine nouns ending in -à such as la città and l’università (the article still changes)
Words ending in a consonant (il film, il manager, il computer)
Name some nouns with irregular plurals
Il dito —- le dita
Un uovo —- le uova
When is a h added before the plural ending?
For nouns ending in -ca and -ga
Amica—- amiche
Buca—- Buche
Riga —- Righe
Vanga —- Vanghe
Some nouns ending in -co or -go
Gioco—– Giochi
Fuoco —– Fuochi
Give the meaning of a and its different forms
A translates to at or to
a + il = al
a + l’ = all’
a + lo = allo
a + la = alla
a + le = alle
a + i = ai
a + gli = agli
Give the meaning of da and its different forms
Da translates to from
da + il = dal
da + l’ = dall’
da + lo = dallo
da + le = dalle
da + gli = dagli
da + i = dai
da + la = dalla
Give the meaning of di and its different forms
Di translates to of (can also be used to say some)
di + il = del
di + l’ = dell’
di + lo = dello
di + gli = degli
di + la = della
di + le = delle
di + i = dei
Give the meaning of in and its different forms
In translates to in
in + il = nel
in + l’ = nell’
in + lo = nello
in + gli = negli
in + i = nei
in + la = nella
in + le = nelle
