Grammar Principles Flashcards

1
Q

…(으)ㄹ지도 모르다

A

Something might possibly happen;
You don’t know if…

E.g.
우리 이삭이는 조금 늦게 자서 배고팠을지도 몰라요.

Isaac slept late so I didn’t know if he’d have been hungry.

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2
Q

…으니

A
  1. First clause gives temporal context to next clause

E.g.
12시가 되니, 배가 고픕니다.
Now that it’s 12 o’clock, I feel hungry.

  1. The first clause becomes a reason for the second

E.g.
시간이 없으니, 빨리 준비하세요.
We don’t have time, so hurry up and get ready.

(Less spoken version of 으니까)

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3
Q

아/어 + 야 해

A

Shows obligation, stronger than that when using 되다.

Eg.
저는 한국어 공부를 열심히 해야 해요.

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4
Q

..길 바라다

A

I hope/I wish….

E.g.
내가 어떻게 해 주길 바래?
What do you wish for me to do?

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5
Q

-ㄹ/을/를 정도로…

A

So much in a certain state that, to the extent where

E.g.
놀랄 정도로 비싸요.
It’s so expensive that you’ll be surprised.

들리지 않을 정도로 희미해 봐.
It’s so faint you can’t hear it.

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6
Q

Noun1 + Noun2+보다 더 +Adjective

A

Noun 1 is more Adjective than Noun 2

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7
Q

제일/ 가장

A
  • most/ best
  • used with adverb (when used with a verb
  • can be used with an adjective
  • can be used with 좋아하다 and 싫어하다
  • often used with 못; 잘
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8
Q

Question ending: 은/ㄴ가(요)

A

Softer way to ask something like ´would it be okay if I go to the park’ is softer than ‘can I go to the park’.

E.g.
그 여자는 예쁜가?
Is that girl pretty?

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9
Q

Verb stem + 기 전에

A

= Before verb

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10
Q

는/은 후에

A

Since verb..

E.g.
한국에 온 후에, 한국어를 배우고 있어요

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11
Q

아무 noun나

아무 noun도

A

Any noun
No noun

E.g. 아무 버스나 탈 거에요.
I’ll take any bus.

나는 아무 말도 하지 않았어요.
I didn’t say anything/ I said nothing.

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12
Q

Describing nouns with verbs:

A

동사 + 는 + 명사 : present tense
E.g.친구는 제가 자주 가는 곳에 사고 있어요.

동사 + ㄴ/은 + 명사: past tense
E.g. 내가 작년에 가르친 학생 한 명은 벌써 의사가 되었어요.

동사 +을/ㄹ + 명사 : future tense
E.g. 저는 그 사람이 저에게 줄 선물을 받고 싶지 않아요.

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13
Q

Passive and intransive verbs cannot go with objects

A

:) intransive verb e.g. 보이다

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14
Q

X는 + 명사 + 같이 보이다

A

X looks like noun

E.g. 넌 선배님 같이 보여

E.g. 네가 새로운 집을 사고 싶은 것 같이 보여

It might be easier and is more natural to say ‘you are like’ (…와 같다 - 와 can be omitted) instead of ‘you look like’.

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15
Q

아/어/여 보이다

A

You look + adjective

E.g. 왜 그렇게 행복해 보여?

E.g. 저의 여자친구은 어제 너무 슬퍼 보였어요.

E.g. 예뻐 보여

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16
Q

동사 + 지만

A

Even though

You are certain or the event definitely happened

E.g. 밥을 있었지만 배가 불러서 안 먹었어

17
Q

동사 + 아/어도

A

Even if/ regardless of if

What your talking about is uncertain

E.g. 밥을 있어도 난 안 먹을 거야

네가 어디 가도 난 가고 싶지 않아