Grammar Points for Midterm

Question 1

～に／によって

Answer 1

By, uses passive

Question 2

~当たり

Answer 2

To hit; short form

Question 3

Sentence のは A の方だ

Answer 3

comparison; short form

Question 4

counter は

Answer 4

At least counter

Question 5

~さえ～ば
NさえVば

Verb stemさえすれば

て-formさえいれば(habitual action)

Answer 5

If only you do this then this will happen

Question 6

～をもとに(して／た）

Answer 6

Based on; Noun

Question 7

Sentence だけだ

Answer 7

It is only this and nothing more; short form

Question 8

ＡにしてもＢにしても

Nにしても

short formにしても

Answer 8

In both cases

Question 9

~とは名ばかり

Answer 9

Only a name, doesn’t mean anything more; noun

Question 10

いわゆるnoun

Answer 10

so-called

Question 11

~ものの

Answer 11

But, acknowledging A, but B is still true; short form

Question 12

またadj

Answer 12

Expressing a surprising or questionable fact

Question 13

～（である）がゆえに

noun/なadjであるがゆえに

short formがゆえに

Answer 13

Reason

Question 14

～でもあり～でもある

noun and noun

Answer 14

This and this

Question 15

ちなみに

Answer 15

For the record

Question 16

～とは思えない

Answer 16

Unfitting for; noun

Question 17

~(の）は当然／当たり前

Answer 17

Of course, it is natural, by necessity

Question 18

いかにadjか

Answer 18

How much, to what extent

Question 19

~向けの／に

向けのnoun

向けにverb/adj

Answer 19

Targeted at, appropriate for. Noun

Question 20

決して~ない

subject決してverbない

Answer 20

Absolutely not, never