Grammar Particles Flashcards
에게/한테:
Used like the preposition “to”. Shows direction.
E.g: 저는 그녀•에게• 선물을 준있어요 ~*OR*~ 저는 그녀•한태• 선물을 준있어요. I gave her a gift
는/은:
When it’s a description about what the subject claims
E.g:
우리는 Amy가 춤추는 것을 보았어요
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
The subject claims they saw Amy dance.
는/은:
When the focus is on the action of the subject
E.g:
Amy는 한교에 가요
Any is going to school.
가/이:
Putting emphasis on subject.
E.g:
Amy•가• 학교에 가요
Amy is going to school
-It is AMY who is going to school-
가/이:
When we talk about something new
E.g:
Amy•가• 여기에 살아요
You know what? Amy lives here.
를/을:
To show the object of a sentence.
를: No final consonant
을: final consonant
가/이:
When the description is about the object fact
E.g:
우리는 Amy•가• 춤추는 것을 보았어요
We saw Amy dancing
-The fact is that Amy was dancing-
안:
Means “not” and is just put I font of the verb
E.g:
저는 김치를 •안• 좋아해요
I don’t like kimchi
-지 않아요:
The verb formate of not.
E.g:
저는 김치를 좋아하•지 않아요•.
I do not like kimchi.
는/은:
When we talk about something already mentioned or general knowledge.
E.g:
지구는 태양을 돌아요
The earth goes around the sun.
E.g:
Amy가 한교에 가요. Amy는 학생이에요
Amy is going to school. Amy is a student.
에게서/ 한테서:
Is used like the preposition “from”
-Can only be used on LIVING THINGS-
E.g: (저는) (제)친구•한테서• 문자메시지를 받았어요 ~*OR*~ (저는) (제)친구•에게서 • 문자메시지를 받았어요 I received a text message from my friend.
라고/ 이라고:
The thing we just mentioned is what is being talked about, quoting something or when something is “written as it is”
라고: No final consonant
이라고: Final consonant
E.g:
우리는 그것을 한폰•이라고• 불러요 .
We call it a cellphone.
는 것을:
Is used to convert a verb in a clause into a “noun form”
E.g:
저는 그녀가 공부하•는 것을• 도와주어요.
I help her study
아요/ 어요:
Used to make verbs present simple.
아요: When (ㅏ, ㅗ, ㅑ, ㅛ) is used in the former block.
어요: When (ㅓ, ㅕ, ㅜ, ㅠ, ㅡ, ㅣ) is used in the former block
의:
Shows the possession of another object.
Acts like “ ‘s” in English. Also tells the listener/ reader that the 2nd noun will give more information about the 1st noun.
E.g:
Amy•의• 남자친구
Amy’s boyfriend
E.g:
강철•의• 남자
Man of steel
들:
Used to make plurals
E.g:
꽃 + 들 = 꽃들
Flower + (s/es) = Flowers
과/와:
Used when two/more people are involved/doing something.
Is used like “with” and “and”
E.g:
저는 매일 제친구들•과• 함께 도서관에 가요
I go to the library with my friends everyday.
이랑/ 랑:
Used when two/more people are involved/doing something.
Is used like “with” and “and”
E.g:
저는 매일 제친구들•이랑• 함께 도서관에 가요
I go to the library with my friends everyday.
하고:
Used when two/more people are involved/doing something.
Is used like “with” and “and”
E.g:
저는 매일 제친구들•하고• 함께 도서관에 가요
I go to the library with my friends everyday.
에:
States that the thing is a location. Also can indicate a point of time
E.g:
스지가 오후 네시•에• 공항•에• 도착할 애정이에요.
Susi is going to arrive at the airport at 4pm
에서:
States the location of action. Where it’s “happening” or “in”
으로/ 로:
When something goes or comes somewhere
Has a feeling of location and direction
으로: Final Consonant
로: No final consonant
E.g:
(저는) 내일 서울에서 방콕•으로• 출발할여정이에요.
I am going to leave from Seoul to Bangkok tomorrow.
-으/ 로부터:
Is used as the preposition “from”. Can be used on living (humans) and non-living (school, government) things.
으로부터: Final Consonant
로부터: No Final Consonant
는/은:
To show the subject of a sentence.
