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Minna no Nihongo Chp 26 - 50 > Grammar Chp 26-50 > Flashcards

Grammar Chp 26-50 Flashcards

1
Q

～んです

A

Showing care/used for explanation (similar to から)

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2
Q

～て　いただけませんか

A

Could you please ~

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3
Q

～たら　いいですか

A

Should I do ~ ?

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4
Q

～[え]ます
～来られます
～できます

A

可能形 can ~ form
can do ~

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5
Q

～しか～ません

A

Only can ~

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6
Q

O1は～、O2は～

サッカーはしますが、野球はしません。

A

Comparison
O1, O2

I play soccer, but I don’t play baseball.

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7
Q

AながらB

写真を見せながら説明します。
働きながら日本語を勉強しています。

A

Doing B while doing A
Doesn’t have to be simultaneous

Explaining while looking at the photos.
Studying Japanese while working.

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8
Q

～ています

休みの日は絵をかいています

A

Tendencies, habits

I draw on my days off

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9
Q

～し、～し～

鈴木さんは若いし、体も大きいし、それに力も強いです

A

Listing traits that work together to prove a point

Suzuki is young, big, and moreover she’s strong (Trying to show she’s great)

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10
Q

～は/が～ています

ドアが開いています
この袋は破れています

A

Object is in left in a state without intention

The door is open
This bag is torn

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11
Q

～てしまいます

レポートは今晩書いてしまいます
漢字の宿題はもうやってしまいました

A

Finishing something off, putting it away

I will write the report tonight
I’ve already done my kanji homework

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12
Q

～てしまいました

財布を落としてしまいました

A

Shows disappointment, displeasure with something

I [unfortunately] lost my wallet

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13
Q

～てあります

テーブルにお皿が並べてあります

A

Something was done with intention by someone

The dishes were arranged on the table

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14
Q

～ておきます

子供が生まれる前に、名前を決めておきます
食事がおわったら、茶わんやお皿を洗っておきます
明日会議がありますから、椅子はそこにそのままにしておきます

A

Before something, do ~ in preparation
After something, do ~.

Decide on a name before the baby is born
After the meal is over, wash the bowls and dishes
I have a meeting tomorrow, so leave the chairs there

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15
Q

～[お]う
～こ（来）よう
～しよう

A

Let’s ~

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16
Q

～と思っています

A

I’m thinking about~

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17
Q

～ていません

A

hasn’t ~

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18
Q

～つもりです

A

One intends to ~

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19
Q

～予定です

A

Plans to/has plans to ~

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20
Q

～ほうがいいです

A

It would be better to ~

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21
Q

～でしょう

A

Right?

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22
Q

～かもしれません

A

Possibly ~

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23
Q

～[え]
～来い
～しろ

A

Command/order
Do ~

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24
Q

～[う]な
～来るな
～するな

A

Command/order
Don’t ~

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25
Q

～と書いてあります

A

~ is written

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26
Q

～と読みます

A

Reads ~

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27
Q

～という意味です

A

Means ~

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28
Q

Aは ～と言っていました

A

A said ~

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29
Q

Aに ～と伝えていただけませんか

A

Could you please tell A ~

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30
Q

A～たとおりに、～

A

Doing something as A said/instructed, based on A, and the like

As A ~, ~

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31
Q

～あとで、～

A

After ~, ~

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32
Q

～て出かけます

A

Going out after ~

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33
Q

Aないで、B

A

Doing B instead of A

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34
Q

～[え]ば
～来れば
～すれば
[い]～ければ
[な]～なら
[明]～なら

A

If ~ form

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35
Q

～なら、～がいいです

A

When it comes to ~ , ~ is good

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36
Q

[可能形]ように、～

A

So that one can ~, ~

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37
Q

[可能形]ようになりました

A

Become able to ~

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38
Q

[可能形]ようにしています

A

Trying to develop habit

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39
Q

[可能形]ようにしてください

A

Please try/try not to ~

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40
Q

～[あ]れます
～られます
～されます

A

Passive form

41
Q

～のは～

A

To ~ is ~
The [who/what/when/where/why/how] is ~

42
Q

～のが～

A

One likes/dislikes/is [ability] at ~

43
Q

～のを　忘れました

A

One forgot that ~

44
Q

～のを知っていますか

A

Does one know that ~

45
Q

Aて、B

A

Because A, B

46
Q

～で～

A

Because [natural disaster], ~

47
Q

～ので、～

A

Due to (polite ver. of から), ~
Usually only works with cause and effect

48
Q

～か、わかりません

A

Short ver. of ですか
Whether ~, I don’t know

49
Q

～かどうか、～

A

Whether or not ~, ~

50
Q

～てみます

A

Try to ~

51
Q

いただきます

A

Polite ver. of もらいます
When one receives something from a superior

52
Q

くださいます

A

Polite ver. of くれます
When you receive something from a superior

53
Q

やります

A

Impolite ver. of あげます
When one gives something to someone of lower status, or to an animal

54
Q

～ていただきます

A

Polite ver. of ～てもらいます
When someone of higher status does something for one of lower status

55
Q

～てくださいます

A

Polite ver. of ～てくれます
When someone of higher status does something for you

56
Q

～てやります

A

Impolite ver. of ～てあげます
When you do something for someone of lower status/an animal

57
Q

～くださいませんか

A

Could you please ~ for me

58
Q

～ために、～

A

In order to achieve ~, ~
More intention, doing something with intention of actually making it happen

59
Q

～（の）に～

A

Doing ~ for the purpose of ~

60
Q

～（の）に [量] かかります

A

In order to ~, it takes ~

61
Q

～そうです

A

Looks like ~
Based on direct observation

62
Q

～て来ます

A

Going to ~, then coming back

63
Q

～すぎます

A

Too ~

64
Q

～は～やすいです

A

Easy to ~

65
Q

～は～にくいです

A

Difficult to ~

66
Q

～を～します

A

Make something [into a different state]

67
Q

[meal]は～にします

A

I will have ~ for [meal]

68
Q

～場合は、～

A

In the situation of

69
Q

～のに、～

A

Despite ~, ~
Shows disappointment

70
Q

～るところです

A

Just started ~

71
Q

～ているところです

A

In the middle of ~

72
Q

～たところです

A

Just finished ~
Literally

73
Q

～たばかりです

A

Just finished ~
But not literally, could be something that happened a month ago

74
Q

～はずです

A

It’s got to have ~

75
Q

～[う]そうです

A

Seems like ~
Based on what you heard

76
Q

～ようです

A

Seems like ~
Based on how you feel about it

77
Q

～[あ]せます
～させます

A

To make/let someone do something
A makes/lets B ~

78
Q

AはBにOを～[あ]せます

A

A makes/lets B ~ with O

79
Q

～ていただけませんか

A

Would you please ~

80
Q

～[あ]れます
～られます
～されます

A

尊敬語 ver. of ～ます
(talking about superiors to superiors/equals)
basic politeness

81
Q

お～になりました

A

尊敬語 ver. of ～ます

2nd level of politeness

82
Q

いらっしゃいます

A

尊敬語 ver. of 行きます、来ます、います

83
Q

召し上がります

A

尊敬語 ver. of 食べます、飲みます

84
Q

おっしゃいます

A

尊敬語 ver. of 言います

85
Q

ご存知です

A

尊敬語 ver. of 知っています
ご存じません＝知りません

86
Q

ご覧になります

A

尊敬語 ver. of 見ます

87
Q

なさいます

A

尊敬語 ver. of します

88
Q

お/ご～ください

A

尊敬語 ver. of ～ください

89
Q

お/ご～します

A

謙譲語 ver. of ～ます

90
Q

まいります（参ります）

A

謙譲語 ver. of 行きます、来ます

91
Q

おります

A

謙譲語 ver. of います

92
Q

いただきます

A

謙譲語 ver. of 食べます、飲みます、もらいます

93
Q

申します

A

謙譲語 ver. of 言います

94
Q

いたします

A

謙譲語 ver. of します

95
Q

存じております

A

謙譲語 ver. of 知っています

96
Q

存じません

A

謙譲語 ver. of 知りません

97
Q

拝見します

A

謙譲語 ver. of 見ます

98
Q

伺います

A

謙譲語 ver. of 聞きます、うちへ行きます

99
Q

お目にかかります

A

謙譲語 ver. of 会います

Minna no Nihongo Chp 26 - 50 (26 decks)

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