Grammar Change Flashcards
Archaic present tense third person inflection
Falleth, hath, groweth
Archaic present tense second person inflection
Knowest
Archaic past participle
Goten (acquired, now rare except in adjective ‘ill-gotten)
Relative pronouns
Which and that used for people, which in initial position
Archaic past tense form
Risse (rose)
Archaic use of first person determiner for pronoun
My thought (I thought)
Archaic possessive singular determiner
(Hir neighbours, hir confession) and pronoun (despited of hir); plural determiner as in contemporary English (their neighbours)
Archaic use of prepositions
So odious vnto all their neighbors (‘to’); despited of her (‘by’), escape of danger (‘from’), speaks a word of (‘about’), to amazement (‘in’), a bed (‘in’), tired with my journey (‘by’), of all things (‘above all things’)
Archaic use of prepositional phrase rather than noun modifier
No definite sentence of death ‘death sentence’
Contracted prepositional phrase
ie a clock - o’clock - of the clock
Many subordinate clauses (identify specific clause type)
??
Long compound - complex sentences with many relative clauses
???
Negatives (negator/negative particle)
Loves not (inversion, no dummy operator) ???
Interrogatives
Did hee beleeue
Adverbial modifier often precedes verb modified
Well amended, presently distribute
Compounded words not amalgamated
A part, it selfe
Archaic comment clause
Methinks (it seems to me)
Archaic expressions
To write to you by the coachman (not to send the letter), a Thursday (on Thursday), out of humour, come a woeing, send mee worde
Unmarked plural
Seven yeare
Archaic use of dummy auxiliary/operator (periphrastic) ‘do’
Or absence of dummy auxiliary/operator (periphrastic) ‘do’ for negative
Did forsweare (past tense), die remaine (present tense)
Impersonal constructions
Was brought to passe, it came to passe
Inverted syntax
I knew not (I did not know) inversion of verb and negator
Frequent use of passive (formality)
was made, might (be) created, was brought, (was) proclaimed
???
