Grammar Ch. 1 - 3

Question 1

N１は N２です

Answer 1

は indicates topic of sentence

Question 2

です

Answer 2

Indicates judgment or assertion
Polite towards listener

Question 3

N１はN2じゃありません

Answer 3

Neg form of です

Question 4

Sentenceか

Answer 4

Forms a question, upward intonation
Questions with interrogatives still use か

Question 5

N も

Answer 5

Used instead of は to indicate the statement about the topic is the same as the previous topic

Question 6

N1 の N2

Question 7

誰の

Answer 7

whose
だれの

Question 8

それは誰の鞄ですか。

Answer 8

Whose bag is that?

Question 9

N1はN2じゃないです

Answer 9

Negative form です

Question 10

~ね

Answer 10

End tag seeking listeners confirmation or agreement
肉じゃないですね。This isn’t meat, right?

Question 11

~よ

Answer 11

End tag marking confidence in the statement
とんかつは魚じゃないですよ。Let me assure you, tonkatsu is not fish.

Question 12

〜を ください

Answer 12

Please give me X, used to request concrete items

Question 13

〜を お願いします

Answer 13

Please; can sound more upscale like when ordering; also used for abstract objects like repairs, explanations, understanding

Question 14

〜を どうぞ

Answer 14

used when an item is offered

Question 15

を

Answer 15

The を particle indicates the direct object, directly involved in or affected by the event

Question 16

で

Answer 16

The で particle indicates where the events described by the verb take place

Question 17

に

Answer 17

The に particle
1) The goal toward which things move
2) Time and place and event take place

Question 18

へ

Answer 18

The へ particle replaces に with 行く、来る、 帰る
Cannot be used with time

Question 19

〜ませんか

Answer 19

Present negative used to extend an invitation
昼ご飯を食べませんか (won’t you have lunch with me)

Question 20

Topic time place object verb

Answer 20

私は今日図書館で日本語を勉強します。

Question 21

Topic frequency time goal verb

Answer 21

私はよく七時ごろ家へ帰ります。

Question 22

これ、それ、あれ

Answer 22

demonstratives this, that (from perspective of speaker) and that over there (perspective of both speaker and listener)

Question 23

このN、そのN、あのN

Answer 23

Noun modifiers this noun, that noun (from perspective of speaker) and that noun over there (perspective of both speaker and listener)

Question 24

そうです

テレビですか。
はい、そうです。

Answer 24

Affirmative
In the case of a noun sentence, is used to answer a question requiring an affirmative or negative answer

Question 25

そうじゃありません

テレビですか。
いいえ、そうじゃありません。

Answer 25

Negative
In the case of a noun sentence, is used to answer a question requiring an affirmative or negative answer

Question 26

S1 か、S2 か
これは「９」ですか、「７」ですか。
「９」です。

Answer 26

Question asking the listener to choose between two alternatives.

Question 27

N1 の N2
これはコンピューターの本です。

Answer 27

N1 explains what N2 is about

Question 28

N1 の N2
これは私の本です。

Answer 28

N1 explains who owns N2

Question 29

N1 の N2
おれはどくのコンピューターてすか。
日本のコンピューターです。
IBMのコンピューターです

Answer 29

N1 is the name of a country and N2 is a product, it means N2 was made in country N1. Company names can be used in this pattern as well.

Question 30

そうですか

Answer 30

Used to show the listener has received new information and understands it.

Question 31

こちら、そちら、あちら

Answer 31

Demonstratives for direction and place that are more polite than ここ、そこ、あそこ

Question 32

N1は N2(place)です
電話はあそこです。

Answer 32

Pattern used to describe where a place, thing or person is located.

Question 33

どこ
お手洗いはどこですか。
。。。あそこです。

Answer 33

Where, used to ask direction

Question 34

どちら
お手洗いはどちらですか。
。。。あちらです。

Answer 34

Which direction, more polite than どこ

Question 35

どこ、どちら
学校はどこですか。
会社はどちらですか。

Answer 35

Used to ask the name of the country, company or school someone belongs to.

Question 36

お
お国はどちらてすか。

Answer 36

Prefix o added to a word concerning a listener or third person to express speakers respect