Grammar Cards Flashcards
Genitive singular of 1st declension nouns
-ae
Gender of 1st declension nouns
1st declension nouns are feminine unless they name a male, like nauta
Subject case
nominative
Subject/verb agreement
The verb agrees with its subject in person and number
Direct object case
accusative
Position of a verb
The verb usually stands last in the sentence
Position of adverb
The adverb usually stands immediately before the word it modifies
Case for possessives and “of” phrases
genitive
Genitive singular of 2nd declension nouns
-i
Gender of 2nd declension nouns
- us masculine
- um neuter
Unique characteristic of all neuter nouns and adjectives
nominative and accusative are same, both in singular and plural
Indirect object case, or the “to/for” case
dative
Two ways to indicate indirect objects in English
- “to”
2. word order ie Christ gave GOD glory, Christ gave the glory to GOD
Prepositions take either of what two cases
ablative, accusative
Give the case for each preposition: propter post cum in
propter, acc
post, acc
cum, abl
in, abl
Predicate nominative case
nominative
Position of forms of sum
anywhere in the sentence
Genitive singular of 3rd declension nouns
-is
Natural Gender Rule (NGR)
applies to ALL declensions
A noun naming a male person is masculine
A noun naming a female person is feminine
Feminine endings rule for 3rd declension only
SOX
Masculine ending rule for 3rd declension only
ERROR
Neuter ending rule for 3rd declension only
LANCET
Appositive
A noun or a phrase that is “put beside” another noun to rename or explain it and set off by commas
Agreement rule for appositives
An appositive agrees with its noun in number and case
There is
There are
est
sunt
Give the nominative and genitive of the 6 neuter nouns of the 3rd declension
flumen, fluminis iter, itineris corpus, corporis vulnus, vulneris agmen, agminis nomen, nominis
Genitive singular ending of 4th declension nouns
-us
Gender of 4th declension nouns
usually masculine
The preposition “in” with the acc and abl
In with the acc. indicates motions; in with ablative indicates position.
Genitive singular ending of 5th declension nouns
-ei
Gender of 5th declension nouns
usually feminine
The two groups of adjectives
- 1st/2nd declension
2. 3rd declension
Adjective/noun agreement
An adjective agrees with its noun in gender, number and case, but not necessarily declension.
Position rule for adjectives
Adjectives of quantity usually preceded their nouns; adjectives of quality usually follow
Predicate adjective case
nominative
