Grammar Flashcards
French nouns are divided into two genders which are:
masculine & feminine
lit, fromage, village and livre are which gender nouns?
masculine
cuillère, boue, revue and syllable are which gender nouns?
feminine
why is learning gender nouns important?
to be able to form sentences
le or un has to go before which gender nouns?
masculine. for example: le lit, le fromage, le village, un livre
la or une goes before which gender nouns?
feminine - la cuillère, la boue, une revue, une syllable
what are the three classes of verbs?
those ending in -er (pronounced eh), ending in -ir, ending in -re, -oir and -ir. each of these classes gets conjugated differently
what are the three ways to conjugate nager (-er verb)
je nage (I swim), je nageais (I swam), je nagerai (I will swim)
what are the three ways to conjugate finir (-ir verb)
je finis (I finish), je finissais (I finished), je finirai (I will finish)
what are the 3 ways to conjuage lire (-re)
je lis (I read), je lisais (I read), je lirai (I will read)
Do French and English use the same word order?
Yes. Le garçon mange un gâteau is the boy eats a cake. subject-verb-object
How do you negative French sentences?
add ne before the verb and pa after it
negate j’ai (i have)
je n’ais pas (i don’t have)
negate j’aime lire (i like to read)
je n’aime pas lire (i don’t like to read)
negate Juliette mange (Juliette eats)
Juliette ne mange pas (juliette doesn’t eat)
when do you pronounce the s in plus?
it depends on what you mean. You pronounce the s when you want to say there is more of something. You don’t announce it when you are using plus in a negative sense (like no longer/no more of something). French people drop the ne sometimes in negative constructions so listen for the s in plus so you know what they mean. Such as if someone says j’ai plus d’animaux with s pronounced means more animals. w/o the s pronounced means no longer having any animals
what are the two future tenses?
future proche and future simple
future proche
near future. what will happen soon
how to conjugate future proche?
use present tense of verb and add infinitive
aller (present tense va) = to go + infinitive
nager - to swim
je vais nager - i’m going to swim
tu vas nager - you’re going to swim
il va nager - he’s going to swim
how to conjugate future simple?
for -er and -ir stays the same. for -re verbs, drop the e
what are the subject endings that correspond with the subjects
ai, as, a, ons, et, ont
present aller in future tense
j’irai = i will go
future simple
This tense is basically the equivalent of “will + [verb]” in English, as in “I will graduate next year,” where “will graduate” is the verb “graduate” in the future tense
NOTE: The endings of conjugated le future simple words do not change depending on the verb you’re using; they only change depending on who the subject of the phrase is. For irregular verbs, the only thing that changes about the irregular verbs is the base. To conjugate those, take the base word and add on the subject ending depending on the subject
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aller infinitive (to go)
ir
avoir infinitive (to have)
aur
we will be able to in future tense
nous pourrons
être infinitive
ser
être infinitive (to be)
ser
pourvoir infinitive
pourr
pourvoir infinitive (to provide)
pourr
vouloir infinitive (to want)
voudr
venir infinitive
viendr
venir infinitive (to come)
viendr
i will know
je sauri
savoir infinitive
saur
savoir infinitive (to know)
saur
faire infinitive (to do)
fer
envoyer infinitive
enverr
envoyer infinitive (to send)
enverr
she will send
elle enverra
subject ending ai
je
subject ending as
tu
subject ending a
il/elle/on
subject ending ons
nous
subject ending ez
vous
subject ending ont
ils/elles
devoir infinitive (to have to)
devr
voir infinitive (to see)
verr
