Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

Definite articles: il, la, l’

A

Single masculine:
start with il
(or l’ if starting with vowel)
(or lo if starting with with an s followed by a consonant or starting with a y or z)

Single feminine:
start with la
(or l’ if starting with vowel)

Plural masculine:
il –> i
l’ or lo –> gli

Plural feminine:
la or l’ –> le

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2
Q

Indefinite articles (talking about something in general)

A

Single masculine:
un
uno if starting with an s followed by consonant or y or z

Single feminine:
una
or un’ if starting with a vowel

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3
Q

Pleural forms of definitive article

A

il ragazzo

i rigazzi

la ragazza

le ragazze

AND if they end in e
il limone (m)
i limoni (m)
la chiave (f)
le chiavi (f)

** singular nouns ending in a vowel with a written accent or a consonant do NOT change in the pleural:
la citta –> le citta

il computer –> i computer

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4
Q

Singular vs pleural

A

M: il ragazzo sportivo
M: il rigazzo intelligente

F: la ragazza sportiva
F: la ragazza intelligente

M+M: i ragazzi sportivi
M+M: i ragazzi intelligenti

F+F: l ragazze sportive
F+F: le ragazze intelligenti

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5
Q

Tu or lei?

A

Tu is informal, used when talking to people you know well

Lei is formal, used for formal settings / for elders or distinguished people, it is always written with a capital letter even if in the middle of a sentence

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6
Q

Mi piace (I like)

A

To so ‘I like’ or ‘you like’ –> use mi piace or ti piace

To say someone else likes or dislikes
–> a + person’s name + (non) piace

ie: A jack piace la focaccia

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7
Q

C’\e or ci sono

A

C’\e = there is

ci sono = there are

non c’\e = there is no

non ci sono = there are no

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8
Q

Mi piace vs mi piacciano?

A

mi piace / ti piace = I like (singular noun)

mi piace / ti piace = I like (verb)

mi piacciono / ti piacciono = I like (pleural noun)

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9
Q

Le Parole Della Famiglia

1) Parents
2) Siblings
3) Children
4) Cousins
5) Aunts and Uncles
6) nieces and nephews

A
1)
M = il padre / il pap\a
F = la madre / la mama
M+F = i genitori
M+M = i padre / i papa
F+F = le madri 
2)
M = il fratello
F = la sorella
M+M = i fratelli
F+F = le sorelle
M+F = i fratelli
3)
M = il figlio
F = la figlia
M+M = i figli
F+F = le figlie
M+F = i figli
4) 
M = il cugino
F = la cugina
M+M = i cugini
F+F = le cugine
M+F = i cugini
5)
M = lo zio
F = la zia
M+M = i zii
F+F = le zie
M+F = i zii
6)
M = il nipote
F = la nipote
M+M = i nipoti
F+F = le nipote
M+F = i nipoti
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10
Q

Possessive adjectives

A
My:
M singolare = mio
F singolare = mia
M plurale = i miei
F plurale = le mie
Your:
M singolare = tuo
F singolare = tua
M plurale = i tuoi
F plurale = le tue
His/Her:
M singolare = suo
F singolare = sua
M plurale = i suoi
F plurale = le sue
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