Grammar Flashcards

Question

What tense do you use in MLA?

Answer 1

Present “Morton -argues- that even though Allende’s characters -are- not realistic, -they’re- believable.”

Answer 2

Past tense or present perfect tense Past tense: “Azele *reported* that 59% of the control group subjects *showed* high gamma levels.” Present perfect tense: “I *have often wondered* how I can make my love of language into a career.” “He *has cried* every day since his companion of fifty years died.”

Answer 3

“Freedman notes that” | “Freedman agrees that”

Answer 4

Use signal phrase “Freedman mores that” [] when adding a word or changing a tense in the quote ... to show any content you removed Freedman notes that “the McLean Deluxe was perhaps the [food industry’s] boldest single effort... to shift the masses to healthier eating.”

Answer 5

Identify verb, then the subject... Everything that goes before the subject is introduction information. “Initially, the council proposed five miles of new bike paths.” “In Georgia, Lee’s book jumped quickly to the top of the best-seller list.” “Tired and discouraged by the unsuccessful search for the fugitive Sgt. Drexel, the detective and her squad returned to headquarters.” NOTE: some authors omit the comma if the introductory element is very short (1-3 words). Still, adding the comma after the introductory information is never wrong.

Answer 6

If essential than it doesn’t get offset by commas. If I have more than one brother the name of my brother is essential to tell the reader which one: “My brother Daniel is coming to my house tomorrow.” If nonessential and does not add to meaning than it gets offset by commas If I only have one brother, than adding his name becomes nonessential: “My brother, Daniel, is coming to my house tomorrow.”

Answer 7

Subject (includes noun and pronoun) And predicate (includes verb) S-birds P- fly S-birds of many kinds P-fly south in the fall S-birds and butterflies P- fly south in the fall S-birds P-fly south in the fall and return north in the spring P-here comes S-the sun P-in the attic were S-old photographs and toys.

Answer 8

A phrase is a word group that makes sense but lacks a subject, a verb, or both and thus cannot stand alone as a sentence Types: prepositional, appositive, participial, gerund, and infinitive phrases.

Answer 9

Starts with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun At school From home In bed Usually functions as a adjective or adverb

Answer 10

A word or group of words that tells about the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence. After, at, before, behind, between, by, for, from, in, of, on, to, under, until, with, and without.

Answer 11

Follows and gives additional information about a noun or pronoun. Functions as a noun “We all know that computers and their spawn, *the smartphone and cellphone*, have created a very different world...”

Answer 12

Contains the present or past participle of a verb plus any objects, modifiers, and complements. It functions as an adjective. “*Brimming with optimism,* I headed over to the neighborhood watering hole and waited.” “A study from Princeton *issued at the same times as the Duke study* showed that women in the sciences reported less satisfaction in their jobs...”

Answer 13

Includes the -ing form of a verb plus any objects, modifiers, and complements. It functions as a noun. “*Asking for candy on Halloween* was called trick-or-treating, but *asking for candy on November first* was called begging.”

Answer 14

Includes an infinitive (to plus the base form of a verb: to read, to write) and any objects, modifiers, and complements. It functions as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. “The plan *to commit more troops* requires top-level approval.” “The point of ribbon decals is *to signal that we support our troops*.”

Answer 15

Present - I talk - I write Past - I talked - I wrote Future - I will talk - I will write

Answer 16

Present perfect - I have talked - I have written Past perfect - I had talked - I had written Future perfect - I will have talked - I will have written

Answer 17

Use progressive tenses to indicate continuing action

Answer 18

Present progressive - I am talking - I am writing Past progressive - I was talking - I was writing Future progressive - I will be talking - I will be writing

Answer 19

Present perfect progressive - I have been talking - I have been writing Past perfect progressive - I had been talking - I had been writing Future perfect progressive - I will have been talking - I will have been writing

Answer 20

Base form - we talk - I rise Past tense - we talked - I rose Past participle - we had talked - I had risen Present participle - we are talking - I was rising

Answer 21

A gerund is a verb form ending in -ing that functions as a noun: hopping, skipping, jumping. “Although many people like *driving*, some prefer *walking*.” An infinitive is a verb form made up of *to* plus the base form of a verb: to hop, to skip, to jump. “Although many people like *to drive*, some prefer *to walk.*” Note: in general, use infinitives to express intentions or desires, and use gerunds to express plain facts. “I wanted *to study* Russian.” “Unfortunately, I ended up *studying* only Spanish.” Sometimes the use doesn’t change the meaning like with: “I begin *to eat* lunch.” And “I begin *eating* lunch.” but other times it’s does like with: “I stopped *to eat* lunch.” And “I stopped *eating* lunch.”