Grammar Flashcards
Hyponyms
words that can be included in a larger, more general category
Hypernyms
words that label categories i.e animal
Homophone
different words that sound exactly the same when said out loud
Manner of articulation
The extent to which airflow is interrupted by parts of the mouth in the production of consonant sounds
Place of articulation
The position in the mouth where a consonant sound is produced
Morphology
Structure and sequencing of meaning
Etymology
Interrelation of sense and meaning
Common noun
A naming word for a thing that is tangible i.e chair, penguin, man
Proper noun
A naming word for a specific example of a common noun
Abstract noun
A naming word for an idea, concept, state of being or belief
Noun clause
Can fill the subject or object site of a clause
That- clause
Will begin with the pronoun that although this may be elided
Wh-clauses
Begin with a wh-word
Adverbial Clauses
Functions as an adverbial within the main clause. Answers questions such as when?, why? and what for? Can be recognised by the subordinating conjunction that marks the beginning
Relative clauses
Adds extra info about one of the nouns in the main clause. Beginning is usually marked by a relative pronoun (who, whose, which and that) although it can be omitted
Non-finite clauses
Can be recognised by an infinite, present or part participle at the beginning of the clause
Cataphoric reference
Making reference forwards to something as yet unidentified in a text
Anaphoric reference
Making references back to something previously identified in a text (often using pronouns to refer to an established point)
Adjuncts
non-essential elements of clauses (usually adverbials) that can be omitted i.e I’ll see you ‘in the morning’
Disjuncts
Sentence adverbs that work to express an attitude or stance towards material that follows i.e ‘Frankly’, I’m appalled
