Grammar Flashcards
Dog bit postman - person or thing performing the action is emphasised
Active voice
Ideas, feelings, qualities
Abstract nouns
Word or group of words usually giving information about time or a place - on Friday
Adverbial
Placed in front of main verbs - he is running
Auxiliary verb
Part of a sentence usually separated by punctuation or connective
Clause
FANBOYS
Coordinating conjunction
Groups of people, animals or things
Collective nouns
Types of people, places and brands
Common nouns
Comparison usually ending in -er (colder, faster, happier)
Comparative adjective
A main clause and a subordinate clause. A subordinating conjunction connects the clauses together
Complex sentence
Two independent clauses linked by a coordinating conjunction
Compound sentence
Things you can feel and see
Concrete noun
Shortened pronunciation of words - couldn’t, shouldn’t
Contraction
The, an/a
Definite and indefinite article
Pointing words - cannot be understood unless context of utterance is known
Deictic expression
This, that, those, these
Demonstrative determiner/pronoun
Used before a noun to indicate quantity, identity or significance
Determiner
Miss out parts of a sentence to avoid repetition
Ellipses
Command/directive
Imperative
Part of verb before it is changed - to run, to write, to be, to decide
Infinitive
Grammatical word ending in -er or -s
Inflection/inflectional affix
Can, will, could, would, should
Modal verbs
Smallest unit of language that expresses meaning or serves a grammatical function - unfair (2), hunters (3), truthfulness (4)
Morphemes
Study of the structure of words
Morphology
Has noun or pronoun as head word - the beach, the sandy beach
Noun phrases
Word formed from verb as a past participle (burnt, frightened) and present participle (burning, frightening)
Participles
Postman was bitten - emphasis on object of verb rather than subject
Passive voice
Replaces the subject or object of a sentence
Personal pronoun
My, your, our, his, hers, it’s, their
Possessive determiner
Show possession - mine, yours, hers, his, ours, it’s
Possessive pronoun
Group of letters commonly found at the beginning of words - re-, un-
Prefix
Takes place of noun - it, him etc
Pronoun
Indicates how one thing is related to something else
Preposition
Refers to people or places
Proper noun
Subject, verb, object or subject and verb
Simple sentence
Clause does not make sense on its own and is less important than the main clause
Subordinate clause
So, because, that
Subordinate clause
Groups of letters commonly found at ends of words (-able, -ly)
Suffix
Indicating highest degree - coldest, fastest
Superlative adjective
Aspect of grammar concerned with construction of sentences and word order
Syntax
