Grammar

Question 0

يجب أب

يجب ان لا (يجب الا)

Answer 0

You must (+ verb) Yajib an (+ verb)

You must not (the ‘not’ can also be expressed by combining the ان ‘an’ and the لا ‘laa’ to form a new word “alla” or الا).
Yajib alla

Question 1

من الممكن ان (+ verb)

ليس من الممكن ان (+ verb)

Answer 1

min al mumkin an ….
It is possible to (+ verb)…. or you could say, “we can”..go shopping etc

laysa min al mumkin an …..
It is not possible to (+ verb) or perhaps “we can’t ….”

Question 2

taa’ marbooTa ة
Sounds like ‘a’ only at the end of a word and indicates the feminine

Alef Maqsura ى
Also sounds like an ‘a’ but does not indicate the feminine.

Answer 2

taa' marbooTa can be seen in the following forms:
المشاة
المدفعية
Alef Maqsura can be demonstrated thus:
الموسيقى

Question 3

In Arabic, a fatHa tanween suffixes to the noun or adjective somebody or something ‘is not’, when it does not end in:

ين - ان - ى - ة

Answer 3

است ضابطاً I am not an officer

They are not civilians ليسوا مدنيين

Required for “not an officer” not required for “not a civilian”

Question 4

Difference between اب and الى
الى

is always attached to motion and precedes a noun eg I was going to Paris or I went to the shop
ان
is always used before a verb eg I decided to write or I want to sleep

Answer 4

The “infinitive” is the simplest form of any verb
eg sleep, sit, shop, write.

It is NOT sleeps, sitting, wrote or shopping.

Question 5

To want

I want اُرِيد …..
Do you want هل تريد ان
Mohammed wants يريد محمد ان

Answer 5

The verb after ان anywhere in the sentence will loose its ن and be replaced by a ا

Question 6

To express ‘has to or must’ we use yajib an

If “kaan” is placed in front of ‘yajib an’, it becomes ‘should have’ and so ‘should not have’ is consequently expressed ‘kaan yajib an laa’

Answer 6

To express “had to” use the wording, ‘it was necessary/ essential’

كان من الضروري ان

Question 7

If X wants Y to do something, use the word ‘min’

eg ureed minak = I want you to….

Answer 7

lam = didn’t

Also can be used for weren’t, wasn’t, won’t

eg lam yakun musallaH = he wasn’t armed.

Question 8

ليس عنك

You don’t have

Answer 8

اليس عندك؟

Don’t you have?

Question 9

To make the present tense negative, put لا in front of a verb.

Answer 9

لا يسكن في معسكر

Question 10

يجب ان

يجب ان لا

Answer 10

must / have to
must not

yajib an (+ verb)
yajib an laa (+ verb)

Question 11

The Imperative
Applicable to “you” verbs eg: you (m), you (f) and you (pl)

Remove ن if it is present at the end of word and replace with ا
Remove initial letter and replace with ا, if … any of the first two letters contain vowel sounds. (eg: see below.)

Answer 11

Examples:
To assemble:  assemble! ( M&S) write! (m) sit! (m)
تتجمع                تجمع! (m)
تتجمين               تجموا! (f)
تكتب                  اُكتُب! (m)
جلِس                  اجْلس! (m)

Question 12

أنا                        I      ana
انت                      You  anta
انت                       You   anti
هو                     He   huwa
هي                      She   hiya
نحن                 We   naHnu
أنتم                  You   antum
هم                      They   hum

Answer 12

لست           I am not
لست           You are not
لست           You are not
ليس            He is not
ليست          She is not
لسنا           We are not
لستم           You are not
ليسوا          They are not

Question 13

“one of” - اِحد (m) or اِحدى (f). Always followed by a plural noun, defined by “al” or a pronoun suffix eg “yu” or “tu”

Can also be “Anyone” or “No-one”.

Answer 13

وجدنا أسلحة في “احدى” الشاحنات
We found weapons in “one of” the lorries
لم يحضر احد من

Question 14

SMP - endings will always be ين or ون. GENERALLY USE ون.

In a VSO sentence, if the SMP is the ‘doer’ (and comes straight after the verb) use ون. (The first plural word after the verb).

Otherwise use ين.

Answer 14

يفتش المهندسون الجسر
The engineers are checking the bridge - engineer ‘doers’ - use ون

يفتش الوكيل المجندين
The WO is inspecting the recruits - recruits are the object - use ين