Grammar 2

Question 1

Volitional
Inf.
Iru/Eru
Other
F.

Answer 1

Let’s/shall we ____
Iru/eru—> -RU + you
Other—> -U + ou

Masu form—> -su + shou

Question 2

Let’s wait another 5 minutes

Answer 2

後五分待とう。
あと五分待ちましょう。

Question 3

Volitional irregulars

Answer 3

Suru—> しょう
Kuru—> 来よう (KO you)

Question 4

Offering assistance

Answer 4

Volitional + か
Tabeyōka vs tabeyôka
Intonation difference + context

Question 5

Let’s come (here) again

Answer 5

また(ここに)来よう。

また(ここに)来ましょう。

Question 6

いい conjugations
(Includes かっこいい)
Present +
Present -
Past +
Past -

Answer 6

いい
よくない
よかった
よくなかった

Question 7

Connecting clauses (in the middle of sentences) with BUT

Answer 7

Independent clause けど(inf)/が(f)、dependent clause.

Question 8

If the first clause ends with a noun or NA adj w/o any tense, and you are not using desu, you must use….
Ex.
Today I am free, but tomorrow I’m not.

Answer 8

だ
今日は暇だが/けど、あしたは忙しい(です)。

Question 9

Yesterday, I ate breakfast, but today I didn’t.

Answer 9

昨日、朝ご飯を食べましたが、今日は食べませんでした。

昨日、朝ご飯食べたけど、今日は食べなかった。

Question 10

English homework is easy, but Japanese homework is hard.

Answer 10

英語の宿題は簡単ですが、日本の宿題は難しいです。

英語の宿題は簡単だけど、日本の宿題は難しい。

Question 11

Combining sentences with “so” (result)

Answer 11

から inf.
ので f.
At the end of the first clause.

Question 12

If a clause ends with a noun or NA adj without anything else, you must add…
(So result clauses)

Answer 12

だ+から
な+ので

Question 13

It is noisy here, so I don’t really like it.

Answer 13

ここは煩いですので、あまり好きじゃないです。

ここは煩いですから、あまり好きじゃない。

Question 14

Don’t use だ with an I-ADJ. The plain, informal form of an I-Adj is itself.

Answer 14

This is cute
これ可愛い

Question 15

Sentence can end with a NA adj in common, causal spoken Japanese. You omit NA because you only use NA in front of nouns, and in this case, you are using a verb (ex. Desu), but it is omitted.

Answer 15

これ綺麗(だ)
This is pretty

Question 16

It is not quiet here, so I will leave.

Answer 16

ここは静かじゃありませんので、出ます。
ここは静かじゃないですから、出る。

Question 17

Connecting ADJ + NOUNS with くて、で

Answer 17

Translated as “and also” or “and then”

Subject は ___ くて/で、___ くて/で、___(です)。

Question 18

Using くて/で with I ADJ, NA ADJ, and NOUNS

Answer 18

I-ADJ: - い+くて
NA-ADJ: -な+で
NOUNS: で

Question 19

Physical/tangible descriptions using くて/で

Answer 19

Subject は object が ____ くて/で、___(です)。

Regarding the subject, their object is _____ and _____.

Question 20

くて/で as Cause/Reason
- translation
- versus から/ので
- cannot be used with?

Answer 20

• More closely translated as “and then” or “and also”
  —-> (so) or ;
• IMPLIED result/causality (rather than directly stating it); the implication is created by putting the two thoughts in proximity
• cannot be used with want to (ほしい/たい)

Question 21

It is easy to (verb)

Answer 21

ます form - ます + やすい(です)

Question 22

My teacher is nice, and has long, pink hair.

Answer 22

先生は優しくて、髪が長くて、ピンク(です)。

Question 23

Pikachu has a yellow body, red cheeks, and black ears.

Answer 23

ピカチュウは体が黄色くて、ほっぺが赤くて、耳が黒い(てす)。

Question 24

This library is quiet; it’s easy to concentrate.

Answer 24

この図書館は静かで、集中しやすい(です)。

Question 25

My teacher is good at teaching Japanese; I like her

Answer 25

先生は[日本語を教えるの]が[上手くて]、好き(です)。

Regarding the teacher, her Japanese teaching is skilled, (so) I like her

Question 26

This question is difficult; I will not answer it

Answer 26

この質問は難しくて、答えません。

この質問は難しくて、答えない。