grammar Flashcards
how do you form the conditional?
future stem + conditional endings
what are the conditional endings?
je - ais
tu - ais
il/elle/on - ait
nous - ions
vous - iez
ils/elles - aient
what is the future stem?
For -ir and -er verbs, it is the infinitive
For -re verbs it is the infinitive without the final -e
how do you form the imperfect?
drop the -ons from the present tense nous form and add the imperfect endings (same as conditional)
what are the imperfect endings?
same as the conditional
je - ais
tu - ais
il/elle/on - ait
nous - ions
vous - iez
ils/elles - aient
when do you use the imperfect?
- to describe something that used to happen
- to describe someone or something in the past
- to describe what was happening when something else took place
how do you form the perfect?
the first part (auxillary) is either etre or avoir. the second part is the past participle of the main verb.
which verbs take etre?
Devenir
Revenir
Monter
Retourner
Sortir
Venir
Aller
Naitre
Descendre
Entrer
Rentrer
Tomber
Rester
Arriver
Mourir
Partir
how do you form the pluperfect?
use the imperfect tense of avoir or etre and add the past participle of the main verb
how do you translate the pluperfect
j’Etais allE
I had gone
how do you form the simple future?
use the infinitive of the verb (for -re, remove the e) and add a future ending (same as regular present tense)
what are the future endings?
je - ai
tu - as
il/elle/on - a
nous - ons
vous - ez
ils/elles - ont
how do you form the near future?
use the present tense of aller plus an infinitive
what are the regular -er verb endings?
je - e
tu - es
il/elle/on - e
nous - ons
vous - ez
ils/elles - ent
what are the regular -ir verb endings?
je - is
tu - is
il/elle/on - it
nous - issons
vous - issez
ils/elles - issent
