Grammar Flashcards
-아/-어/-여 보다
to try doing something
-(으)니
because
judging from
-면
if
꼭
to make sure + S + V
to make sure to + V
(- 기) 전에
before
VS + -다기
while + verb-ing
-아/-어/-여 요 [polite plain]
-(으)시죠 [honorific]
-자 [informal]
-(으)ㄹ래요? [polite/casual]
-(으)실래요? [polite/formal]
let’s
N + -을/를 위해(서)
VS + -기 위해 (서)
in order to
in order for
-(으)ㄴ 다음에/후에/뒤에
after…ing
-네요
expressing surprise
-(으)ㄹ까요?
ask oneself a question
raise doubt, wonder, or curiosity
suggest doing something together
-(으)ㄹ 수도 있다
maybe
possibly
it might
it could
-는/-은/-ㄴ 데
explain background before making a suggestion, request, question, or explanation
showing a result contrasting with a previous situation
showing surprise
asking a question with the expectation of an explanation
밖에 + negative V
only
-편에/-쪽에
on the side
in that direction
-아/-어/-여도
even if
even though
-으로
-로
with
by
-는군요
a sudden realization
그리고 나서
after that
having done that
Noun + 때문에
because of noun
Noun + 때문에
because of noun
Time period + 동안
for time period
during time period
-처럼
like as in does something like noun
-(으)러
going or coming for the purpose of
(sino numbers) -년생 (이에요)
born in (#) year
왜냐하면
the reason is…
because…
-마다
each
every
-씩
per
noun-부터 noun-까지
from noun to noun
noun-부터
from noun
noun-까지
to noun
-습니다
-ㅂ니다
formal sentence endings
-습니까?
-ㅂ니까?
Formal question ending
-십시오
-으십시오
formal interrogative ending
-지만
but
-지 않아요
-지 못해요
verb negation
-지 마세요
-지 말아요
-지 마십시오
negative command
don’t…
-(으)ㄹ까 하다
thinking of doing
또
also
furthermore
moreover
can be used at the beginning of a sentence or in the middle of it
is a stand alone word
Noun -(이)나
about /approximately (used with numbers)
or
… “or something” - suggesting multiple possibilities
-(으)니까
as
since
because
when… (I realized/ I discovered )…
-께
honorific particle of -에게 or -한테
to (someone)
-께서(는)
honorific particle of -이/-가
subject marker
-갰-
-(으)시갰-
inferring/guessing something
having a firm intention to do something
-지
-지요
supposedly
ㅗㅂ+오
ㅂ+우
ㅂ irregular
-은/는요?
How about….?
What about…?
드리다
Humble form of 주다
뵈다
Humble form of 보다
도와드리다
Humble form of 도와주다
-(ㄹ/을) 때
at the specific moment
at the time when
-지 못하다
못 하다
can’t
-(으)면 어떨까요?
suggestion (Formal)
… 어떻게 되세요?
Tell me about…
How is…?
Noun+ 에 대해(서) 어떻게 생각해요?
What do you think about (noun)?
plain form+ 고 생각하다
I think it’s (verb)
action verb + 는/ㄴ 다
past tense regular until ㅆ replace with 다
future tense - 을/ㄹ 거라고
이라고
아니라고
plain verb form
A 아니면 B
Or
verb Stem (으)니까
because
ㅎ ㄹ ㅂ drops
ㅂ add 우
Verb stem 지/ 죠
asking for confirmation
right?
verb stem 나 / 나요
showing curiosity
계세요
form of 있어요 specific to people
실례지만
Excuse me but
(으)로 가다
to go toward
