Grammar

Question 1

When there is a noun after “this” or “that”, we use the words

Answer 1

この (kono), その (sono) and あの (ano).

Example:
This book
kono hon

that bag (close to listener)
sono kaban

that umbrella (far from both)
ano kasa

Question 2

The words これ / それ / あれ (kore / sore / are) act like ___ and require…? (2)

Answer 2

The words これ / それ / あれ (kore / sore / are) act like nouns and require the particle は (wa).

Question 3

The words この / その / あの (kono / sono / ano) act like ___ and must be followed by…? (2)

Answer 3

The words この / その / あの (kono / sono / ano) act like adjectives and must be followed by nouns.

Question 4

To type を, you need to input ___ on your keyboard.

Answer 4

wo

Question 5

The ___ comes at the end of a sentence

Answer 5

verb

(similar to main noun)

Question 6

What are the 3 types of Japanese verbs?

Answer 6

1. RU verbs (verbs ending in -iru, -eru sounds)
2. U verbs (all other verbs)
3. Irregular verbs (suru, kuru)

Question 7

What are 4 examples of different verb endings?

Answer 7

1. ru
2. su
3. mu
4. ku

Question 8

RU verbs end in…

Answer 8

-iru
-eru

Question 9

U verbs end in…

Answer 9

-u (all other verbs)

Question 10

What are the 2 irregular verbs?

Answer 10

-suru
-kuru

Question 11

What’s the point of using the ます (masu) form of verbs?

Answer 11

To speak politely about both the present AND the future

Question 12

To say things like “I will…” and “I eat…” what do you have to do?

Answer 12

Put the verbs into the ます-masu form

Question 13

The dictionary form of たべます is….

Answer 13

たべる

Question 14

How do you convert RU verbs?

Answer 14

Remove the final -ru and add ます

たべる ー たべます (tabemasu)

みる ーみます (mimasu)

Question 15

To form the ます form for “ru” verbs, we need to drop the final ’る’ and add ’ます’. T or F?

taberu
miru

Answer 15

True

たべるーたべます

Question 16

What are the ます (masu) forms of the 2 irregular verbs?

Answer 16

する ー します (shimasu)

くる ー きます (kimasu)

s—> shi(masu)
k—> ki(masu)

Question 17

How do you build the ます (masu) for “u” verbs?

Answer 17

change the final “u” sound to an “i” sound
su -> shi
ku -> ki
tsu -> chi

Question 18

び turns into what?

(what does mi dakuten turn into?)

Answer 18

bi

Question 19

What does dictionary form mean?

Answer 19

The base word

Like in “tabemasu”, the dictionary form is “taberu”

Question 20

How do you use “too/also” in a sentence?

Yukiko drinks coffee. She drinks tea as well.

Answer 20

H: ゆきこさんはコーヒーをのみます。おちゃものみます。

K: 雪子さんはコーヒーを飲みます。お茶も飲みます。

も = too, also

Question 21

When do we use the object particle? を (o)

Answer 21

We use the object particle を (o) after an object.

We use を as an object particle, and お for all other cases of this sound.

Question 22

What’s the formula for using similarity particle も (mo) in a sentence?

Answer 22

subject も + object を + verb。

わたしはそばをたべます。(I eat soba.)

よしさんもそばをたべます。 - Yoshi eats soba, too.

Question 23

When using the similarity particle, you can omit the noun to make the sentence shorter. T or F?

Answer 23

True

わたしはせんせいです。じゅんこさんもです。
Watashi wa sensei desu. Junko-san mo desu.
I am a teacher. Junko is (a teacher) too.

A sentence with も can be shorter as we can omit the noun.

Question 24

Apart from using it to say “too, also” where can we also add the similarity particle?

Answer 24

We can also add the similarity particle after objects. For example, we replace を with も.

すしもたべます。(I eat sushi as well.)

So instead of saying “(I) eat sushi — (watashi wa) sushi o tabemasu” you replace object particle with mo and it turns into “I eat sushi, too — sushi mo tabemasu”

Question 25

We always add ____ after nouns in Japanese.

Answer 25

We always add particles after nouns in Japanese.

Question 26

So when we use the “masu” form it will mean both the present or future at the same time. T or F?

Answer 26

True, the meaning can be either one when used (masu form)

Question 27

___ can turn nouns into verbs and is very useful

Answer 27

する / suru [irregular verb] Example: べんきょう / benkyou (noun: study) べんきょうする / benkyou suru (verb: to study)

Question 28

How do you respond negatively and positively to 日本ごをはなしますか。 Nihongo o hanashimasu ka. (Do you speak Japanese?)

Answer 28

はい、はなします。/ Hai, hanashimasu. (Yes, I do.) いいえ、はなしません。/ Iie, *hanashimasen.* (No, I don't.)

Question 29

To connect nouns, we use the particle .....?

Answer 29

と / to (and). Example: そばとうどんを食べます。/ 蕎麦とうどんを食べます。 I eat soba and udon.

Question 30

How do we connect more than 2 nouns?

Answer 30

If we are talking about more than two nouns, we need と after each noun: (noun 1)と(noun 2)と(noun 3) Example: そばとラーメンとうどんを食べます。/ Soba to ra-men to udon o tabemasu. (I eat soba, ramen and udon.)

Question 31

What particle acts as a comma the more nouns you connect?

Answer 31

と / to (and). そばとラーメンとうどんを食べます。/ Soba to ra-men to udon o tabemasu. (I eat soba, ramen and udon.)

Question 32

The **と**particle means? What does it do?

Answer 32

**と** means "and", and it connects nouns.

Question 33

If we are talking about more than ___ nouns, we need ___ after each noun

Answer 33

If we are talking about more than *two* nouns, we need と after each noun. そばと ラーメンと うどんを 食べます。 I eat soba, ramen and udon.

Question 34

The か particle means? What does it do?

Answer 34

か means "or" and it connects nouns

Question 35

What particle do you use to connect 2 or more nouns? (Description)

Answer 35

の no

Question 36

To make a noun negative, we change です to ____

Answer 36

じゃないです Noun わたしはがくせいです。 わたしはがくせいじゃないです。

Question 37

To make a verb negative, we change ます to ____

Answer 37

ません Verb そばを食べます。 そばを食べません。

Question 38

＿＿＿is a very useful verb that can make verbs from nouns

Answer 38

する (noun) + する = (verb)

Question 39

ません is the _____ verb form.

Answer 39

negative アラビアごをはなしません I don't speak Arabic.