Grammar

Question 1

Laysa

Answer 1

Negating present, nominal sentences. Uses past tense verbs but has present meaning. Predicate of laysa is Accusative

Question 2

Lam

Answer 2

Negating past - used with a verb in the present tense BUT the meaning is that of the past. The verb/s affected by LAM are in the jussive case.

Question 3

Ma - La

Answer 3

Ma negates past. La negates present.

Question 4

Lan

Answer 4

Negates future. Affects the verb to subjunctive case.

Question 5

5 special words

Answer 5

show their grammatical endings by changing the last letter : changes when a suffix pronoun is added. They only work like this when they are singular.
Hamuha- hamaaha - Hamiiha

Question 6

Subjunctive

Answer 6

Ann -present tense verbs
Lan - present tense verb (future).
Last vowel becomes fatha. Last nuun disappears

Question 7

Jussive

Answer 7

Lam(past)
Negative imperative form (dont read!)
Conditional In

Last vowel sukun. last nuun disappears (separate nuuns).

Question 8

impossible conditional

Answer 8

Law: past tense verb. Follows up w la (positive), ma or lam(negative)

Question 9

possible conditional

Answer 9

-Idha: (Idha + past tense verb + fa+past tense verb).
-In: Positive. In+2 verbs. following both verbs in jussive case. If fa is added, only first verb has to be jussive.

Question 10

Exclamations

Answer 10

• Maa: (Ma+comparative form in accusative “ajmala, asghara”+the noun/verbal noun Accusative+suffix pronoun)
• kam+Noun U-case+Adjective U-case)

Question 11

Kaana + sisters

Answer 11

Kaana (was)
Yakuunu (will be)
Laysa (negating nominal) past tense form but negates present.
Ma zaala - to continue
Asbaha - to become
Lam yakun= was not, past tense negation - jussive case of yakuunu.

Question 12

Inna and her sisters

Answer 12

Inna, ka-anna (as if), lakinna (but), layta (if only), la3alla (maybe/if only)

Subject (a-case) Predicate (U-case)

Question 13

Relative pronouns:

Answer 13

The second part must be linked to first part through verb or suffix pronoun. The noun must be definite.

Question 14

imperative

Answer 14

alif before the verb (in the
past tense) and
change the final vowel to a sukun when
talking to a man, talking to a woman ya is added at the end

Question 15

Imperative = examples
Shariba, Qala,

Answer 15

Ishrab - Ishrabii - Ishrabuu - Ishrabna

Question 16

Numbers:
1-2
3-10
11-12
13-20
20-99

Answer 16

1+2 adjektiv
3-10 Reversed gender. Comes after the plural noun. forms idaafa with the word.
11-12=Both numbers (10+1 & 10+2) agree in gender. Comes before the noun which is singular, Accusative.
13-20=ten agrees in gender and 3-9 practice reversed gender, the following noun is in the singular A-case
20-99: heltalen har U/A case. the following noun is in the singular A-case. wa in the middle.3-9 reversed.

Question 17

Negative imperative

Answer 17

Laa + jussive case pt verb

Question 18

Ordinal numbers

Answer 18

Works as adjectives. Awwal/uula.
1 oclock: waahidah