grammar Flashcards
-ñir verbs preterite
3rd person singular ending is just -ó (not -ió)
preterite stem change
only ir verbs that also change in present tense, only vowel in 3rd person stem, e>I, o>u
-ir verb subjunctive stem change
E>ie and e>i stay the same, but also e>i in nosotros and vosotros forms
Dormir and morir have o>ue regularly plus o>u in nosotros/vosotros
Subjunctive stem changes
-ar and -er verbs with changes in the stem vowel in the present indicative have these same changes in the subjunctive
Caer yo form
Caigo
Decir yo form
Digo
Hacer yo form
Hago
Oír yo form
Oigo
Poner yo form
Pongo
Salir yo form
Salgo
Tener yo form
Tengo
Traer yo form
Traigo
Venir yo form
Vengo
Caber yo form
Quepo
Conocer yo form
Conozco
Nacer yo form
Nazco
Parecer yo form
Parezco
Construir yo form
Constuyo
Destruir yo form
Destruyo
Ver yo form
Veo
Dar and estar subjunctive
Regular but with accent mark
Haber subjunctive stem
Hay-
Ir subjunctive stem
Vay-
Saber subjunctive stem
Sep-
Ser subjunctive stem
Se-
-ar verbs with stems ending in -c, -g or -z
c->qu, g->gu z->c
-er -ir with stem ending in -g -gu or -c spell change
G->j gu->g c->z