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HESI > Grammar > Flashcards

Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

Vowels

A

A,E,I,O,U and sometimes Y

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2
Q

Consonants

A

The other twenty one letter in the alphabet. Weak letters that only make sounds when paired with vowels.

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3
Q

Suffix

A

Word part that is added to the ending of a root word that changes the meaning and spelling of a word.

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4
Q

Plurals

A

Similar to suffixes, added to the end of the word to signify more than one person, place, thing, or idea.

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5
Q

Homophone

A

A word that has the same sound as another word, but doesn’t have the same meaning or spelling (To, too, and two)

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6
Q

Homograph

A

A word that has the same spelling as another word but does not have the same sound or meaning.
Lead (to go in front of) and lead (the metal).

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7
Q

When are north east south and west capitalized?

A

They are only capitalized if they are related to a definite region (West Coast)

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8
Q

Historical Events

A

Should be capitalized when there needs to be a distinction between an event and the general. (The Great Depression vs we live in the twenty-first century)

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9
Q

Period

A

Marks the end of a declarative sentence

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10
Q

Comma

A

Signifies a small break within a sentence and separates words, clauses, or ideas.

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11
Q

Semicolons

A

Used to connect two independent clauses without a coordinating conjunction like and or but.

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12
Q

Colons

A

Introduces a list

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13
Q

Apostrophes

A

Used to indicate possession or to create a contraction.

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14
Q

Hyphen

A

Mainly used to create compound words

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15
Q

Quotation Marks

A

Used when directly using another person’s words in your own writing.

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16
Q

Noun

A

Names a person, place, thing, or idea

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17
Q

Subject

A

Part of the sentence that does something

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18
Q

Object

A

The thing that something is done to

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19
Q

Singular Noun

A

Noun is singular when there is only one (Book)

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20
Q

Plural Noun

A

Nouns are plural when there are two or more (Books)

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21
Q

Common Nouns

A

General words, they are written in lowercase

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22
Q

Proper Nouns

A

Specific names, they begin with an uppercase letter.

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23
Q

Concrete Nouns

A

People, Places, or Things that physically exist.

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24
Q

Abstract Nouns

A

Ideas, qualities, or feelings that we cannot see and that might be harder to discribe.

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25
Pronouns
Takes the place of a noun or refers to a specific noun.
26
Subject Pronouns
I, You, He, She, It, We, They
27
Object Pronouns
Me, You, Him, Her, It, Us, Them
28
Possessive Pronouns
My, Mine, Your, Yours, His, Her, Hers, Its, Ours, Their, Theirs
29
Relative Pronouns
Connect a clause to a noun or pronoun
30
Antecedent
A pronoun in a sentence refers to a specific noun
31
Antecedent Agreement
A pronoun must agree in gender and number with the antecedent it refers to.
32
Adjective
Describes, modifies, or tells us more about a noun or pronoun.
33
Articles
A unique part of speech, but they work like adjectives.
34
Indefinite Articles
A and An Use A before a general noun and AN before a general noun that starts with a vowel
35
Definite Article
The Use THE before a singular or plural specific noun
36
Adverb
Describes, modifies, or tells us more about a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
37
Conjunction
A connector word; it connects words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence.
38
Preposition
A relationship word; it shows the relationship between two nearby words.
39
Coordinating Conjunctions
Connect two words, phrases, or independent clauses. They are: AND, OR, BUT, SO, FOR, NOR, YET.
40
Subordinating Conjunctions
Connect a main (independent) clause and a dependent clause. May show a relationship or time order for the two clauses. Some examples: AFTER, AS SOON AS, ONCE, IF, EVEN THOUGH, UNLESS.
41
Correlative Conjunctions
Pairs of conjunctions that work together to connect two words or phrases. Some examples: EITHER/OR, NEITHER/NOR, AS/AS.
42
Preposition
Shows the relationship between two nearby words. Prepositions help to tell information such as direction, location, and time. Example: TO, FOR, WITH.
43
Object of the Preposition
It can be a noun or something that serves as a noun, such as a pronoun or gerund.
44
Gerund
The -ing form of a verb that serves as a noun (ex. Hiking in "I wear these shoes for hiking")
45
Prepositional Phrase
Preposition plus the object that follows it
46
Verb
A word that describes a physical or mental action or state of being.
47
Base Form
Used for simple present tense
48
Past Form
Used for simple past tense
49
Participle Form
Used for more complicated time situations
50
Regular Verb
To make the past or participle form of a regular verb, just add -ed
51
Irregular Verb
More complicated Examples: Eat Ate Eaten Take Took Taken Come Came Come
52
Subject
Tells us who or what
53
Verb
Tells us the action or state
54
Helping Verb
A supporting verb that accompanies a main verb
55
Progressive Tense
Used for an action that is or was ongoing
56
Perfect Tense
Used to cover two time periods
57
Predicate
Thought of as a verb phrase
58
Simple Sentence
A sentence can be very simple, with one or two words as the subject and one or two words as the predicate
59
Subject and Verb Agreement
Subject and verb must agree in number and person
60
Third Person Singular
The subject takes a different verb form.
61
Run-On
When two or more independent clauses are combined without proper punctuation.
62
Fragment
A group of words that looks like a sentence.
63
FANBOYS
For And Nor But Or Yet So
64
Complex Sentence
Sentence that is made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses connected to it.
65
Dependent Clause
The part of a sentence that cannot stand by itself.
66
Parallel Structure
Repetition of a grammatical form within a sentence to make the sentence sound more harmonious.
67
Independent Clause
Simple Sentence; It has a subject, a verb, and expresses a complete thought.
68
Dependent Clause
Not a complete sentence. It has a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought.
69
Coordinate Clause
Sentence or phrase that combines clauses of equal grammatical rank by using a coordinating conjunction. CANNONT CONNECT A DEPENDENT OR SUBORDIANTE CLAUSE AND AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE.
70
Modifier
A word, phrase, or clause that adds detail or changed another word in the sentence.
71
Misplaced Modifier
A modifier that is placed incorrectly in a sentence, so that it modifies the wrong word.
72
Dangling Modifier
A modifier that modifies a word that should be included in the sentence but is not.
73
Object
In grammar, the object is something that is acted on. The subject does the action and the object receives it.
74
Direct Object
Receives the action of the verb
75
Indirect Object
Indirectly receives the action of the verb

HESI (3 decks)

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