Grammar Flashcards
こ/そ/あれ
こ/そ/あの
どれ、どの
は、が
Specific pointing words ending in れ and の use は
Non specific pointing words とれ and との use が
To change the question word だれ from who to whose -
Add の
Ex: だれのかばん - whose bag is this
これ vs この、は placement
これはかさ
このかさは
To say something has a shared property
Use も instead of は following the noun in question.
Ex:
たかしさんはにほんじんです
まりさんもにほんじんです
To say the same noun has two properties
Do not use も. Use ても あります
Ex: ナンバはにほんじんでもあります
Saying is noun is too much of a certain property
Use も, then add ね to the end.
Ex: あれもたかいですね
**Take this one with a grain of salt
To negate a statement
Use じゃありません
じゃ is the spoken contracted form of でわ. In written form, it would be でわありません.
Seeking confirmation from a statement
Add ね to the end.
Ex: これはにくじゃありませんね
りーさんのせんまんはぶんがくですね
To make a statement authoritative
Add よ to the end.
Ex: とんかつはさかなじゃありませんよ
スミスはんはいぎりすじんですよ
Asking for concrete items
Use (を)ください、or (を) おねがいします
おねがいします is slightly more upscale and used more often in restaurant.
Uses of おねがいします
It can be used to ask for concrete items, and for abstract items like repairs, explanations, understandings.
どれ
Use of どれ complicated.
To ask something like, “which one if your pen?” You would say どれがあなたのペンですか。
To ask “which one is it?” You would say どれですか。
どの
Which (noun)
どのとけい
とのドーレナ
だれ
だれのくるま
だれのとけい
だれ is attached to the noun.
お
お is a politeness marker.
Ex: おなまえ would be “your honourable name.”
