Grammar Flashcards
explain how ה, as a definitive article, affects the letter after
a regular letter gets a דגש after a הַ
a guttural letter does not get a דגש after a הֶ הָ
when is a shuruk used for vav conjunctive?
before labial letters
when is וֶ וַ וָ used for vav conjunctive?
before chataf vowels
when is וָ used for vav conjunctive?
before one syllabled words
when is וַ used for vav conjunctive?
before the name Havaya
when is וֵ used for vav conjunctive?
before the name Elokim
when is וִ used for vav conjunctive?
before יְ
how do you identify a vav conversive that is changing a perfect verb to future?
context
how do you identify a vav conversive that is changing a future verb to past?
regular: וַ and a דגש
before a יְ: no דגש
before א: no דגש and וָ
what are paragogic letters?
added to the end of a word for emphasis; ה and ן
when is ן used as a paragogic letter?
after plural imperfect verbs
when is there always a דגש?
after a short open unaccented syllable
which letters receive a weak דגש after a closed syllable?
בגדכפת
list the short vowels (4)
וַ
וִִ
וֶ
וֻ
list the long vowels (5)
וָ
וִי
וֵ
וּ
וֹ
list the 5 times a sheva is pronounced
- beginning of the word
- follows a closed syllable or another sheva
- the letter has a dagesh
- follows a long vowel
- first of 2 identical letters
what are chataf vowels?
they appear under guttural letters instead of a sheva
when is a weak dagesh used? (2)
- at the beginning of a word
2. after a closed syllable
what are the 5 times a strong dagesh is used?
- after a vav conversive
- after a missing letter
- after a definitive ה
- 1rl of niphal imperfect, imperative, infinitive
- 2rl of piel, pual, hitpael
what are the 4 features of an oath?
- introductory phrase
- mention of G-d
- אם is negative
- dramatic language
what is the standard word order?
verb → subject → preposition → object
how do you identify an interrogative ה?
regular letter: הְַ
guttural letter: הַ
what is chiastic parallelism?
the word orders are opposite
