Grammar Flashcards
Puella laudata est.
The girl has been praised. (is having been praised)
Puella est laudatur.
The girl is being praised. (Or is praised).
Magister dicit/dixit Juliam ese discipulam bonam.
The teacher says/(has) said that Julia is a good student.
dico
saying
nego
saying
ait
saying
pro/nuntio
saying
narró
saying
scribo
saying
doceo
saying (teaching)
ostendo
saying
demonstro
saying (demonstrating)
moneo
saying
peto
saying
ne/scio
knowing
intellego
knowing
memoria teneo
knowing
disco
knowing
cerno
thinking
cogito
thinking
credo
thinking (believing)
habeo
thinking
puto
thinking
spero
thinking (hoping)
audio
feeling
video
feeling
sentio
feeling
gaudeo
feeling
Mater, filium amans, auxilium dat.
The mother, loving her son, gives him assistance.
Pater, filiam visurus, casam parabat.
The father, since he was about to see his daughter, was preparing the house.
Puella, in casam veniens, gaudebat
The girl, coming into the house, was happy. [when she came…
while she was coming..?]
Roma visa, viri gaudebant.
(With) Rome having been seen, the men were rejoicing.
Roman videntes, viri gaudebant.
Seeing Rome, the men were rejoicing.
His rebus auditus, coepit timere.
These things having been heard, he began to be afraid.
Or, when he heard these things. Or when these things had been heard.
Eo imperium tenente, eventum timeo.
With him holding the power, I fear the outcome.
Since/if/when/although he holds the power, I fear the outcome.
Caesare duce, nihil timebimus.
(With) Caesar being the commander, we shall fear nothing.
or [under Caesar’s/with Caesar in] command
Caesare incerto, bellum timebamus.
With Caesar uncertain, we were afraid of war.
[not ‘being’]
haec fémina laudanda est
The woman is to be praised
Id faciendum est/erat/erit
this [is about to be/has to be] done; had to be; will have to be done
Hic liber mihi cum cura legendus erit
This book will have to be read by me with care
Or, I will have to read this book with care
Illa femina omnibus laudanda est
That woman is going to be (should be) praises by all
Pax ducibus nostris petenda erat
Peace had to be sought by our leader
Gaius dicit se iuvisse eam.
Gaius says that he helped her
Gaius dixit eum iunvisse eam
Gaius said that he (DO) had helped her
Gaius dicit litteras a se scriptas esse
Gaius says the letters had been written (was written) by him
Gaius dicit litteras tibi scribendas esse
Gaius says the letter is to be written by you
Ought to be
Discipuli putant se linguam Latinam amaturos esse.
The students think that they will love the Latin language.
Magistra scivit discípulas Latinam amaturas esse
The teacher knew that the students would love Latin.
