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Español > Gramática Para Repasar > Flashcards

Gramática Para Repasar Flashcards

1
Q

AL = AL

Words that end in ‘al’ are often identical in Spanish and English. Translate 10 words ending in ‘al’.

A

Ejemplos:

animal, central, local, personal, criminal, commercial, musical, rural, canal, legal, natural, social

Spanish words that end in ‘al’ are stressed on the last syllable, e.g., lo-CAL.

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2
Q

BLE = BLE

Words that end in ‘ble’ often have identical forms in Spanish and English. Translate 10 words ending in ‘ble’.

A

Ejemplos:

cable, notable, terrible, posible, formidable, flexible, visible, probable, honorable, noble, horrible, inevitable

Spanish words that end in ‘ble’ are stressed on the next to the last syllable, e.g., no-TA-ble.

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3
Q

IC = ICO

Words that end in ‘ic’ in English end in “ico” in Spanish. Translate 10 words that end in ‘ic’ to Spanish.

A

público, Atlántico, democrático, artístico, elástico, aristocrático, eléctrico, automático, romántico

In Spanish the accent never alters the sound of letters. Whenever a letter is accented, stress the letter firmly: PÚ-bli-co

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4
Q

How is stress applied to accented letters in Spanish?

A

The accent never alters the sound of letters; it stresses the letter firmly

Example: PU-bli-co.

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5
Q

OR = OR

Words that end in ‘or’ are often identical in Spanish and English. Translate 10 words ending in ‘or’.

A

Ejemplos:

  • el actor
  • el doctor
  • el tractor
  • el color
  • el error
  • el favor
  • el profesor
  • el inventor
  • exterior
  • superior
  • interior

Spanish words that end in ‘or’ are stressed in the last syllable: doc-TOR. The letter ‘r’ is trilled.

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6
Q

ENT = ENTE
ANT = ANTE

To translate English words ending in “ent” or “ant” to Spanish add an ‘e’ to the end of the word. Translate 10 words ending in ‘ent’ or ‘ant’ to Spanish.

A

Ejemplos:

Presidente, importante, excelente, accidente, cliente, diferente, conveniente, elegante, inteligente, elefante

Spanish words that end in ‘ant’ or ‘ent’ are stressed on the next to the last syllable, e.g., pre-si-DEN-te

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7
Q

How is the letter ‘g’ pronounced before ‘e’ or ‘i’ in Spanish?

A

as the h in ‘hen’

Example: ‘inteligente’ is pronounced ‘intelihente.’

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8
Q

Translate ‘The actor is popular’ into Spanish.

A

El actor es popular.

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9
Q

Translate ‘The restaurant is excellent’ into Spanish.

A

El restaurante es excelente.

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10
Q

Translate ‘The actor is not an animal’ into Spanish.

A

El actor no es un animal.

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11
Q

Translate ‘The client is important’ into Spanish.

A

El cliente es importante.

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12
Q

Translate ‘The elephant is fantastic’ into Spanish.

A

El elefante es fantástico.

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13
Q

Translate ‘The conductor is not insolent’ into Spanish.

A

El conductor no es insolente.

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14
Q

Translate ‘The cable is urgent’ into Spanish.

A

El cable es urgente.

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15
Q

Translate ‘The hotel is excellent’ into Spanish.

A

El hotel es excelente.

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16
Q

In Spanish, how can sentences be turned into questions?

A

By changing the word order: the adjective comes before the subject.

In Spanish you say “is popular the actor?” Not “is the actor popular?”

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17
Q

How do you ask ‘Is the actor popular?’ in Spanish?

A

¿Es popular el actor?

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18
Q

How do you ask ‘Is the tenor romantic?’ in Spanish?

A

¿Es romántico el tenor?

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19
Q

How do you ask ‘Is the president diplomatic?’ in Spanish?

A

¿Es diplomático el presidente?

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20
Q

How do you ask ‘Is the canal important?’ in Spanish?

A

¿Es importante el canal?

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21
Q

True or False: The letter ‘h’ is silent in Spanish.

A

True

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22
Q

What is the Spanish pronunciation of ‘hotel’?

A

‘otel’

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23
Q

In Spanish, ‘ph’ becomes _______.

A

F

Examples include ‘elephant’ → ‘elefante’ and ‘telephone’ → ‘teléfono’.

24
Q

In Spanish, ‘th’ becomes _______.

A

T

Examples include ‘cathedral’ → ‘catedral’ and ‘author’ → ‘autor’.

25
Q

The only letters that are doubled in Spanish are _______, _______ and _______.

A

l, r , c

Other letters that are doubled in English become single letters in Spanish.

26
Q

Which letters are never doubled in Spanish?

A

All other letters except l and r

Examples include ‘ss, pp, mm, nn, tt, ff’ in English becoming single letters in Spanish.

27
Q

Provide an example of a word that changes from ‘commission’ in English to Spanish.

A

comisión

This demonstrates the single-letter usage in Spanish.

28
Q

What is the Spanish equivalent of ‘attractive’?

A

atractivo

Shows how English double letters are simplified in Spanish.

29
Q

True or False: In Spanish, ‘authentic’ is spelled as ‘auténtico’.

A

True

‘Authentic’ contains a ‘th’ which becomes ‘t’ in Spanish.

30
Q

Fill in the blank: In Spanish, ‘different’ is spelled as _______.

A

diferente

Indicates the simplification of the double letters.

31
Q

What is the Spanish translation of ‘phonetic’?

A

fonético

Reflects the transformation from ‘ph’ to ‘f’ in Spanish.

32
Q

What is the pattern for spelling changes from English to Spanish regarding the letters ‘ph’ and ‘th’?

A

‘ph’ becomes ‘f’ and ‘th’ becomes ‘t’

These patterns highlight phonetic differences between the two languages.

33
Q

How is ‘cc’ pronounced in Spanish?

A

Each ‘c’ is pronounced separately; the first ‘c’ has a ‘k’ sound and the second has an ‘s’ sound.

34
Q

What is the Spanish translation of ‘correction’?

A

corrección

35
Q

How are the two ‘c’s in ‘corrección’ divided into syllables?

A

correc-ción

36
Q

How is ‘tion’ represented in Spanish?

A

ción

37
Q

What is the Spanish translation of ‘convention’?

A

convención

38
Q

What is the Spanish translation of ‘conventional’?

A

convencional

39
Q

Fill in the blank: In Spanish, ‘tion’ always becomes _______.

A

ción

40
Q

True or False: In Spanish, ‘cc’ is pronounced together as a double ‘c’.

A

False

41
Q

How is the letter A pronounced?

A

The letter A is always pronounced ‘ah’ as in ‘Ah, Sweet Mystery.’

42
Q

How is the letter E pronounced?

A

The letter E is always pronounced ‘E’ as in bet, test, bless.

43
Q

What is the pronunciation of the letter i?

A

The letter i is always pronounced ‘EE’ as in greet, beet.

44
Q

How is the letter O pronounced?

A

The letter O is always pronounced ‘O’ as in obey (but without the slightest trace of a U sound).

45
Q

How is the letter U pronounced?

A

The letter U is always pronounced ‘OO’ as in cool, pool.

46
Q

What is the pronunciation of the letter B?

A
  1. The letter B is pronounced ‘B’ as in bit.
  2. When B appears between vowels, it is pronounced very softly.
47
Q

How should you pronounce the B in ‘abundancia’?

A

Pronounce the B very softly, so your lips hardly touch.

48
Q

What is the pronunciation rule for the letter C before A, O, U?

A

The C is hard as the C in can.

49
Q

What is the pronunciation of C before E or I?

A

The C is soft as the C in cent.

50
Q

How is CC pronounced?

A

CC is pronounced ‘X.’

51
Q

How is ‘acción’ pronounced?

A

‘Acción’ is pronounced ‘axion.’

52
Q

How is the letter CH pronounced?

A

As in child.

53
Q

What is the pronunciation of the letter D?

A
  1. The letter D is pronounced ‘D’ as in ‘do.’
  2. When D is the last letter of a word or appears between vowels, it is pronounced as the softest TH imaginable.
54
Q

How should you pronounce both D’s in ‘ciudad’?

A

Pronounce both D’s with the same soft TH.

55
Q

List the 5 adjective endings that change with gender

A
  • -o / -a (gracioso / graciosa)
  • -or / -ora (hablador / habladora)
  • -án / -ana (holgazán / holgazána)
  • -ín / ina (picarín / picarina)
  • -ón / ona (mandón / mandona)
56
Q

List the 4 adjective endings that do not change with gender

A
  • -e (inteligente)
  • -ble (posible)
  • -ista (egoísta)
  • consonant endings (feliz, fácil)

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