Gram Negative Rods Flashcards
Why are gram negative rods difficult to treat?
They produce beta-lactamases.
What is special about non-fermentative gram negative rods
Don’t utilise glucose via the fermentative pathway.
What does pseudomonas aeruginosa cuase?
Very resistant to antibiotics, is a common cause of nosocomial infections.
What is the oxidase test?
Detects presc=ence of cytochrome oxidase, an enzyme in some bacteria.
What do bacteria of genus Stenotrophomonas do?
Cause nosocomial infections - similar to P. aeruginosa.
What does Burkholderia pseudomallei do?
Causes meliodosis - pneumonia, abscesses and septicaemia
What do bacteria of genus acinetobacter do?
Cause nosocomial infections.
Also responsible for community acquired pneumonia associated with smoking and alcoholism
What do the HACEK group of bacteria all cause, and where to they often live in the human body?
Endocarditis - are commensals of the human oropharynx.
List five groups of bacteria classified under “Fastidious Gram Negative Rods’
HACEK group Pasteurella Bordetella Brucella Bartonella
What does pasteurella multocida cause, and how it is commonly acquired?
Causes infection of skin/soft tissue following bite from cat/dog - commensals of cat/dog mouths
What does Bordetella pertussis cause?
Whooping cough.
What do bacteria of genus Brucella cause. and how is it commonly acquired?
Cause brucellosis - fever/sweat/joint pain etc.
Zoonotic disease acquired from farm animals and their products (e.g. infected dairy)
What does Bartonella henselae cause and how is it acquired?
Cat scratch disease
What does bartonella quintana cause?
Trench fever - transmitted by lice.
In what sort of environment might you find bacteria of genus legionnella?
Aquatic environments.
