Grade 9 Geography Quiz Flashcards
What is Demography?
the statistical study of population, demography specifically looks at statistics which illustrate the changing structure of human population
What are two other names for generation
cohort, age group
What are landmark events?
They influence a generation’s view of the world
When was the Lost generation born?
1883-1900, came of age during WW1
When was the GI generation born?What are there traits?
1901-1924, lived through the great depression, WWII
strong loyalty to jobs, sense of personal civic duty
When was the silent generation born? Why were there very few of them?
1925-1945, very few of them because wars + economic depressions
When were baby boomers born? Why so many of them?
1946-1964, birth rate across the world spiked, TV generation
When was generation X born? Why so few?
1965-1980, birth control created, MTV GENERATION
Generation Y(millennial)
1981-1995, nintendo generation, there parents were a huge generation. they were the 1st computer generation
When was Generation Z born? What are some traits and landmark events?
1996-2010, opinionated, less focused. COVID-19 BLK LIVES MATTER
What is the crude birth rate? What is the crude death rate?
number of live births per 1000 people per year
number of deaths per 1000 people per year
What is fertility rate? What is replacement level fertility?
# of births per woman in their lifetime total fertility rate at which population replaces itself
3 other ways of measuring death?
infant mortality, child mortality, maternal mortality
Rate of natural increase
how much pop is changing naturally(birth rate-death rate)
doubling time
amt of years it takes for population to double in size
Immigration rate + Emigrant rate
number of immigrants per 1000 people per year
number of emigrants per 1000 people per year
3 types of population pyramids:
used to show info abt age and gender of people in specific country
expansive pyramid- triangle
constrictive pyramid- wide in middle
stationary pyramid- similar to a square
Rate of migratory increase
how much pop is changing by migration
Population growth rate
how much population is changing by migration and naturally
4 things to look for when reading a population pyramid
width of base(wide base, high birth rate)
symmetry(difference in male/female pop)
shape of sides(concave-high death rate)
blip in side(landmark event)
causes for an anomaly in population pyramids
effect of disease
effect of WAR
preference for male babies
Stage 1,2,3,4,5 of demographic transition model
1-BR(high)DR(high)pop growth(stable)(poor area)
2-BR(high)DR(dropping)PG(rapid growth)(sri lanka)
3-BR+DR(dropping)PG(rapid growth)(india,chile)
4-BR+DR(stable)PG(slowing down)(AU,CA)
5-BR(dropping)DR(stable)PG(negative)(Japan)
dependency load
everyone younger than 15 and older than 65 are socially and economically dependent on working-age people
Why is it bad to have a high growth rate?
to many children, not enough adults
overcrowding, lower education, more poverty
why is it bad to have a shrinking population
negative impact on economy
society becomes less dynamic and competitive
when will earth’s population stabilize
at 11 billion
what territory in canada has a population pyramid similar to a 3rd world country?Why?
Nunavet has a higher BR and DR
Lack of jobs + healthcare
Why is japan shrinking
aging population. low fertility rates. extreme work culture. expensive to raise children. young people not dating, hard for working moms
What are the effects on JAPAN?
schools closing
economy slowing down
not enough people for jobs
WHAT IS BEING DONE ABT THIS?
cheaper childcare
encouraging dating
encouraging more immigrants
positive space for woman in workplace
Where did most of our immigrants come from? Where do they come from now?
EUROPE
ASIA
PERMANENT RESIDENTS
not a canadian citizenship(cant vote or have passport) but has been given permission to live and work in canada without limitation stay
TEMPORARY WORKERS
given work visas for prescribed periods of time, them working has no negative effect on canadian labour market
WHAT ARE THE 3 TYPES OF PERMANENT RESIDENTS
economic class refugee family class
REFUGEE
people who come to canada for protection from their home country
sponsors provide refugees with financial/social aid for 1-3 years
4 TYPES OF ECONOMIC CLASS IMMIGRANTS
skilled workers
business class immigrants
live-in caregivers
canadian experience class immigrants
SKILLED WORKERS
have to earn 67 points or higher on point system to become one
LIVE-IN CAREGIVERS
care for elderly, children, disabled
CANADIAN EXPERIENCE CLASS IMMIGRANT
lived/worked in canada for at least 1 year
BUISSNESS CLASS IMMIGRANT
create jobs and contribute to canada’s economic development
FAMILY CLASS IMMIGRANT
immigrants brought to canada through their family
CANADIAN CITIZNES
can vote, no residency rules, have CA passport
born in canada
if one of your parents was canadian citizen when u were born
REASONS YOU MAY BE INADMISSIBLE
committed a crime
security/medical reasons
misrepresentation
MULTICULTURALISM
the co-existence of diverse cultures
what percent of total population was born outside of canada
20%
what percent of torontos population was born outside of canada
50%
where does montreal attract immigrants from
former french colonies
TORONTO TOP 5 LANGUAGES(besides english)
cantonese mandarin punjabi italian tagalog
MOTHER TONGUE
first language you learn and remember
HOME LANGUAGE
the language spoken at home
ETHNIC ORIGIN
cultural+ racial background
VISIBLE MINORITY
an ethnic group that looks different from the minority
CHAIN MIGRATION
when one group of immigrants move to an area that encourages more waves of immigrants to move there
ETHNIC ENCLAVE
area where inhabitants are culturally and ethically distinct from surrounding area
Inclusion Assimilation Segregation Integration Exclusion
all minorities mix together
all minorities mix together but act like each other
a minority group purposefully kept separate
a minority group included but have to overcome hurdles themselves
the majority group is kept our, no one else allowed in
MOSIAC(+pros and cons)
Canada, immigrants can retain much more of their original culture
diversity strengthens society, multilingual
alienate themselves in enclaves, cultural identities may clash with canadian identity
MELTING POT(+pros and cons)
The states, immigrants lose much more of their culture and become “Americanized”
fewer conflict, nationalism
loss of language, cultural identity is made to seem inferior
3 main groups that make up indigenous canadians
first nation. metis. inuit
Status Indians
registered under the indian act
don’t pay income tax on the money they earn on reserve
don’t pay part of the provincial sales tax
Non status indians
not registered under the indian act but self identify as indigenous
Metis
descendents of indigenous woman and europeans. Mostly live in manitoba + northern ontario
INDIAN BAND
basic unit of government for status indians
Assembly of first nations
represent chiefs over 600 bands
reserve
a parcel of land given to the local band designated from the indian act or a treaty
4 european ideas government tried on indigenous children
education, christianity, sedentary living, agriculture
