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piano > grade 7 > Flashcards

grade 7 Flashcards

1
Q

nationality of Johann Sebastian Bach?

A

German composer

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2
Q

what does title sinfonia mean

A

(three-part invention) several distinct melodic lines of equal importance heard @ same time. BWV number identifies piece

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3
Q

what period is sinfonia in?

A

late baroque

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4
Q

features of period in sinfonia

A

(elaborate/complex)
-counterpoint/polyphony (2/3 voices simultaneously) -imitation b/w voices -ornamentation especially at cadence points -steady rhythmic pulse

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5
Q

what form is sinfonia in (2 main themes)

A

binary, AB

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6
Q

describe sections/key changes of sinfonia

A

A: 1-6, two voices B minor, 7-14, three voices D major 9 // B: 14-19, two voices D major (modulates to A maj/E min), 20-38, three voices B minor 24

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7
Q

main key of Sinfonia?

A

B minor

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8
Q

contemporaries of JS Bach in late Baroque period?

A

german Johann Pachelbel, Domenico Scarlatti, George Frideric Handel

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9
Q

When was the Baroque period?

A

c. 1600-1750

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10
Q

9-16 (1)

A

compound triple, three dotted quaver beats to a bar

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11
Q

trill (1)

A

ornament, rapid alternation b/w 2 adjacent notes, upper note in Baroque

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12
Q

bar 3 notes? (1)

A

demisemiquavers

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13
Q

leggiero bar 3 (1)

A

lightly

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14
Q

sopra bar 28 (1)

A

above (RH)

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15
Q

ritenuto bar 32 (1)

A

immediately slower

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16
Q

32 weird note (1)

A

appoggiatura, played on beat, 2/3 of value of dotted note

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17
Q

nationaity of Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach?

A

German composer, 2nd son

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18
Q

what does allegro title mean

A

fast and lively, sonata = composition several contrasting movements. CPE usually 3 (fsf) Wq

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19
Q

what period is allegro in?

A

early classical

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20
Q

features of period seen in Allegro

A

(light and elegant) -balance and symmetry -clearly articulated sounds (many detached notes/short slurs) -ornamentation particularly at cadence points -homophony (1 melodic line w/ simple chordal/broken chord accompaniments)

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21
Q

what form is allegro

A

Binary, AB (repeat signs)

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22
Q

describe sections/key changes of allegro

A

A1: 1-6. B minor (end dom chord), 7-12 trans, to D via Em 7-8, A2: 13-24, D major, Dm 19-20 // B1: 25-30 Dmajor, 31-36 trans E minor, to F#minor via Bminor 33-34, B2: 37-48, Bminor

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23
Q

main key of allegro

A

B minor

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24
Q

contemporaries of CPE Bach

A

Giovanni Battisa Pergolesi, Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, Christoph Willibald von Gluck

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25
Q

when was the classical period?

A

c. 1750 - 1810

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26
Q

b1 symbol upside down (2)

A

staccatissimo

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27
Q

weird s infinity shape (2)

A

turn

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28
Q

mezzo staccato (2)

A

moderately short and detached

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29
Q

piu (2)

A

more

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30
Q

nationality of Deodat de Severac?

A

French pianist and composer

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31
Q

36 ornament? (2)

A

can be played as a turn/turn + short trill

32
Q

what does music box title mean

A

“a boite .. musique” musical box, full = “where we hear an old musical box”, reflective in music of usually treble, sweet&repetitive melodies/rhythms

33
Q

what period is music box in

A

late Romantic

34
Q

features of period seen in music box

A

(simplicity/innocence/nostalgia) -descriptive title = a character piece -tone colour (extensive use of both pedals) > musical box/memories w childhood -lilting Melodies // NOT -constant rhythmic pulse -restricted dynamic range -simple diatonic harmonies

35
Q

what form is music box in?

A

ternary, ABA

36
Q

describe sections/key changes of music box

A

A: 1-2 Bb major intro, 3-10 main//B: 11-26 episode, Dminor 16-19 descending C minor//A: 27-36, Bb major main

37
Q

main key of music box?

A

Bb major

38
Q

contemporaries of Severac in late Romantic

A

Isaac Albeniz, Claude Debussy, Serge Rachmaninoff, Maurice Ravel

39
Q

when was the romantic period?

A

c. 1860-1920

40
Q

12/8 (3)

A

four dotted crotchet beats in a bar (compound quadruple)

41
Q

allegro assai quasi presto (3)

A

very fast, almost a presto tempo

42
Q

sourdine 21 (3)

A

muted (use soft pedal) sans=without

43
Q

pedale sempre simile 4 (3)

A

always pedal in similar manner to first three bars

44
Q

weird note bar 16 (3)

A

acciaccatura (crushed note)

45
Q

sforzando (3)

A

strong accemt

46
Q

morendo 33 (3)

A

dying away (becoming softer and slower)

47
Q

nationality of Debussy?

A

French composer

48
Q

what does la fille title mean

A

the girl with the flaxen hair - scottish songs, collection of poems by french poet Leconte de Lisle, girl light brown hair cherry red lips in summer sun

49
Q

what period is la fille in?

A

impressionist

50
Q

features of period seen in la fille

A

-delicate/etherea; textures -fluid rhythms, sometimes gently syncopated -parallel movement of chords/intervals -use of soft dynamics

51
Q

what form is la fille in

A

ternary, ABA

52
Q

describe sections/key changes of la fille

A

A: 1-18, Gb major, IV-I chord progression 2-3 = key, V-I Eb major chord 6-7//B: 19-23 episode, Eb major 19-21, Gb major 22-23//A: 24-39, Gb major

53
Q

main key of la fille?

A

Gb major

54
Q

contemporaries of Debussy in impressionist period?

A

Gabriel Faure, Maurice Ravel, Isaac Albeniz, Edward MacDowell, Frederick Delius

55
Q

when was the impressionist period?

A

c. 1890 - 1918

56
Q

tres calme et document expressif (4)

A

very calm and sweetly expressive

57
Q

sans rigueuer 1 (4)

A

without rigidity

58
Q

cedez 11 (4)

A

yield/give way - becoming slower, // = end of cedez

59
Q

mouvement 12 (4)

A

return to former speed

60
Q

tres peu (4)

A

very little

61
Q

un peu anime 19 (4)

A

a little livelier

62
Q

sans lourdeur 24 (4)

A

without heaviness

63
Q

trex doux 29 (4)

A

very sweetly

64
Q

murmure et en retenant peu a peu 33 (4)

A

murmured, becoming slower little by little

65
Q

perdendo 35 (4)

A

dying away

66
Q

typical music of baroque period

A

ornate and elaborate - dance suites, tocattas, fugue, using harpsichord and clavicord and organ, also contata/oratorio = singing and opera

67
Q

typical music of classical period

A

light, elegant and restrained - sonatas, rondos, variations, using fortepiano, and symphony orch and concertos of strings, woodwind, brass, percussion

68
Q

typical music of romantic period

A

passionate and expressive w/ pedal - descriptive/character pieces, etudes, improptus, rhapsoides, nationalistic music(muzurka) using developing pianoforte and violin, more woodwind and cello & larger overall orchestra

69
Q

typical music of impressionist period

A

delicate and misty - descriptive pieces, often w water images, free form pieces - nocturne (moon), arabesque (arabic), often vague lack of direction and uncommon whole tone scale using pianoforte Harp, Triangle, and Glockenspiel

70
Q

influences of Johan Sebastian Bach, other works

A

-family of musicians, older brother Johan Christoph
-pachelbels famous canon early development (German baroque)
-organ playing of Dietrich Buxtehude
-js bach = organist at Muhlhausen,
1. court musician to Duke of Weimar (300 church cantatas),
2. post of Kapellmeister to a Prince leopold - 6 “brandenburg” concertos, book “well-tempered clavier” (24 preludes/fugues)
3. Thomaskantor at Church of St Thomas (“St Matthew Passion”, “goldberg variations” - harpsichord)

71
Q

sinfonia book

A

“inventions and sinfonias”, 15 of each grouped by minor and major keys, intro to students playing counterpoint

72
Q

influences of Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach, other works

A

-third son of JS Bach, trained him
-over 1000 works, range genres - symphonies, concertos, chamber music, 150 sonatas, choral work
1. court orchestra of 40 for King of Prussia, accompanying in King’s flute, published treatise (essay on the true art of playing keyboard instruments)
2. Kapellmeister at Hamburg, produced cantatas/oratorios/passion music. supervised performances of works of telemann, handel, haydn.

73
Q

influences of Deodat de Severac, other works

A

-early lessons from painter father
-musical training w/ local church organist
1. Paris, student @ Schola Cantorum, friend = spanish composer Isaac Albeniz,
-wrote opera “le couer du moulin” (the heart of the mill), an organ suite, piano, melodies, “Nymphes au crepuscule (nymphs at dusk)”, music criticism jounals
2. organist in Ceret mediterranian village, embraced folk style, composed “Heliogabale”, three act opera including standard ochestral and native Catalan instruments

many works writing before war never completed

74
Q

music box book

A

En Vacances (on holidays), collection of piano miniatures, imagery

75
Q

influences of Claude Debussy, other works

A

-influened by Russian/Far Eastern music, learnt by Madame Maute who studied with Chopin
-influenced by Wagner, Russian Borodin, Mussorgsky
1. spent 11 years at 10yo in Paris Conservatoire under teachers
-wrote based on poetry and art opera “La Mer (1905)” J.M.W. Turner and Claude Monet.
-met Marie Vasnier, he wrote 27 songs for her duirng 7 year rship
2. Villa Medici place
-chamber music, completed 3/6 sonatas for various instruments, “sonata for cello and piano”, nocturnes “Moonlight” in suite bergamasuqe, orchestral works

76
Q

la fille book

A

8th piece of the first book of Preludes, written for solo piano, bringing lyricism and warmth to the other darker songs of book

piano (1 decks)

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