Grade 7 Flashcards
+ (above a note)
Stopped note
° (above a note)
Unstopped note
8va/8ve
Play notes an octave higher
a2/a3
Both players/All three players
Augmented chords
Root-Major third-Augmented fifth (C-E-G#)
Chromatic semitone
The same letter name is used for both notes, but one is raised or lowered by a semitone with an accidental
Diminished seventh
A chord built on minor thirds (e.g. C-Eb-Gb-Bbb). Built on chord 7 in a major key (vii°♭7)
divisi a (div. a)
Split into (divisi a 3 - split into three groups)
Do
C
Dominant seventh
A V chord with added 7th (e.g. in C major - G-B-D-F)
Double reed
Instruments using two thin reeds bound together - oboe, bassoon, cor Anglais
Double stop
Drawing the bow across two strings at the same time to play a chord
Enharmonic equivalent, enharmonic chord
Two notes that sound at the same pitch that are written a different way. Enharmonic chords are two chords that sound the same but are written in different ways
Fa
F
Glissando
A rapid slide through several notes with a sweeping effect
Ic-Va progression
A progression whereby chord I is played in second inversion, followed by chord V in first inversion (e.g. in C major - Ia (C maj. with G in bass) to Va (G maj. with G in bass))
Imitation
A section of music is repeated in a different part, or instrument, or pitch, straight away like a kind of echo. It can be melodic or rhythmic
La
A
Loco
“In place” - at normal pitch (after 8ve)
mano destra (m.d.)
Right hand
mano sinistra (m.s.)
Left hand
Mi
E
Motif
An easily recognisable, short musical idea, usually repeated and defined by rhythm
Neapolitan 6th
A chord built on chord II of the scale, in which the root and fifth of chord II are flattened by a semitone, before being put in first inversion (e.g. in C major - Db-F-Ab with F in the bass)
Open string
The lowest note any string on a string instrument can produce due to not being stopped
Ossia
Or (a different passage is available)
Parts cross
Between two parts, the higher one moves down in pitch so that it becomes the lower one
Pedal
A repeated note, usually the tonic or dominant, which is repeated or sustained while the harmony changes above it
Inverted pedal
A pedal that occurs above the bass
Inner pedal
A pedal that occurs in the middle part
Prevailing key
The key of a piece of music at a given point
Re
D
Sequence
A section of music repeated at a different pitch
Si
B
Single reed
An instrument using only one reed - clarinet
Sol
G
Solo
Only one player of two plays the line
Sul
On a particular string, e.g. “sul G” - use the G string
Syncopation
Longer notes fall off the beat
Tremolando/Tremolo (trem.)
Roll (repeatedly striking the drum with left and right mallets)
Triple stop
Drawing the bow across three strings at the same time to play a chord
Unison
Two notes having exactly the same sounding pitch
Unisono/unis.
“All together” - All players in a section should play
Ut
C
zu 2, zu 3
Both/all three players should play
