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Music Theory Definitions > Grade 5 Italian > Flashcards

Grade 5 Italian Flashcards

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1
Q

a due, a 2

A

For 2 performers or instruments (in orchestral or band music, it means that a part is to be played in unison by 2 instruments)

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2
Q

alla marcia

A

In the style of a march

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3
Q

alt

A

High

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4
Q

In alt

A

Used in vocal music to refer to notes in the octave above the treble stave, starting with the G

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5
Q

In altissimo

A

In the octave above that

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6
Q

al tallone

A

Use the bow (of a string instrument) at the heel, i.e. the end held by the player

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7
Q

Amoroso

A

Loving

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8
Q

A piacere

A

At pleasure, the performer is not bound to follow the given rhythm exactly

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9
Q

A punto d’arco

A

Use the bow at the point, i.e. the end opposite to that held by the player

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10
Q

Arco

A

Bow of string instrument, a direction after pizzicato

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11
Q

attacca

A

go straight on, indicating an immediate move to the next section of music

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12
Q

bis

A

Twice, indicating the repetition of a short passage

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13
Q

Bravura

A

Skill, brilliance

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14
Q

Con bravura

A

In a brilliant style

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15
Q

Brilliante

A

Brilliant

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16
Q

calmato

A

calm, tranquil

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17
Q

capriccioso

A

In a whimsical, fanciful style

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18
Q

Colla parte

A

Keep with the soloist, a direction to an accompanist

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19
Q

Colla voce

A

Keep with the singer, a direction to an accompanist

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20
Q

Col legno

A

With the wood, a direction to a string player to play with the wood of the boy rather than with the hair

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21
Q

Coll’ ottava

A

With the octave, a direction to a keyboard player to double notes an octave higher, or lower if ‘bassa’ is added

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22
Q

Corda, corde

A

Strings

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23
Q

Da

A

From

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24
Q

divisi, div.

A

Divided, a direction to orchestral players (usually strings) to divide into 2 or more groups

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25
Q

dolente

A

sad, mournful

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26
Q

Dolore, duolo

A

Grief

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27
Q

Doloroso

A

Sorrowful

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28
Q

doppio movimento

A

Twice as fast

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29
Q

eguale

A

Equal

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30
Q

Expressione

A

Expression

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31
Q

Estinto

A

As soft as possible, lifeless

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32
Q

Felice

A

Happy

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33
Q

Feroce

A

Fierce

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34
Q

fine

A

End

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35
Q

Flautato, flautando

A

Flute-like, a direction for natural harmonics on string instruments

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36
Q

Flessibile

A

Flexible, not in a strict tempo

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37
Q

fretta

A

Haste

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38
Q

Giojoso

A

Joyful, merry

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39
Q

Grandioso

A

Grandly

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40
Q

Impetuoso

A

Impetuous

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41
Q

Incalzando

A

Getting quicker (literally: pressing forward)

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42
Q

Inquieto

A

Restless

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43
Q

in relievo

A

Prominent (lit: ‘in relief), a direction to make melody stand out

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44
Q

Lacrimoso, lagrimando, lagrimoso

A

Sad (lit. ‘Tearful’)

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45
Q

Lamentoso

A

Lamenting

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46
Q

lento

A

slow

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47
Q

Lentement

A

Slowly

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48
Q

liberamente

A

Freely

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49
Q

Licenza

A

License, freedom

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50
Q

Con alcuna licenza

A

With some freedom, particularly with regard to tempo and rhythm

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51
Q

Loco

A

At the normal pitch (used to cancel an 8va direction, or to confirm that one is not intended)

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52
Q

Lontano

A

Distant

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53
Q

Lugubre

A

Mournful

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54
Q

Lunga

A

Long

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55
Q

Lusingando

A

Coaxing; in a sweet, persuasive style

56
Q

Mano

A

Hand

57
Q

Mano sinistra, m.s.

A

Left hand

58
Q

Mano destra, m.d.

A

Right hand

59
Q

Mancando

A

Fading away

60
Q

Martellato

A

Strongly accented (lit: hammered), generally used in string music to denote a particular type of bowing, but can also be applied to music for piano or other instruments.

61
Q

Misterioso

A

Mysterious

62
Q

misura

A

measure

63
Q

Alla misura

A

In strict time

64
Q

muta

A

Change, e.g. as in changing the tuning of a kettle drum or in transferring from one instrument to another

65
Q

Naturale, nat.

A

in the ordinary way, a direction to a singer or instrumentalist to resume the normal method of performance (e.g. after a col legno passage in string music)

66
Q

Nobilmente

A

Nobly

67
Q

nuovo

A

new

68
Q

di nuovo

A

again

69
Q

Obbligato

A

Obligatory, indicating that an instrument has a special role and is essential (though the word is sometimes incorrectly used to mean ‘optional’)

70
Q

Ossia

A

Or, alternatively (often used to indicate a simpler version of a difficult passage)

71
Q

Ottava, ott.

A

Octave

72
Q

Ottava bassa

A

Octave lower

73
Q

Ottava Alta

A

Octave higher

74
Q

Parlando

A

Speaking, a direction to sing in a conversational style

75
Q

Patetico

A

With deep feeling, with pathos

76
Q

Pausa

A

A pause

77
Q

Pedale

A

Pedal

78
Q

Per

A

By, for, through, to

79
Q

piacevole

A

Pleasant

80
Q

Piangevole

A

Plaintive, in the style of a lament

81
Q

Pietoso, pietosamente

A

Tenderly (lit: pitifully)

82
Q

pizzicato, pizz.

A

plucked, a direction for plucking the strings of a bowed instrument

83
Q

placido

A

calm, peaceful

84
Q

pochettino, posh.

A

rather little

85
Q

Pochissimo, poschiss.

A

Very little

86
Q

poi

A

then

87
Q

ponticello

A

Bridge

88
Q

Portamento

A

slide from one note to the next (lit: carrying), a direction to a voice, bowed instrument or trombone (but not to keyboard instruments since they always play in ‘steps’ of at least a semitone)

89
Q

Precipitando, precipitato, precipitoso

A

Rushing, headlong

90
Q

Repetizione, replica

A

Repetition

91
Q

Rigoroso

A

Strict

92
Q

Rinforzando, rinforzato, rinf., rfz, rf

A

Reinforcing

93
Q

Saltando, saltato

A

springing, a lightly bouncing bow technique on string instruments

94
Q

Secco

A

Crisp (lit: dry) suppress the sound as quickly as possible - do not allow it to continue to reverberate

95
Q

Segue

A

Go straight on (lit. follow)

96
Q

Sino, sin’

A

Until, up to

97
Q

Sin’ al fine

A

Until the end

98
Q

slargando, slentando

A

Getting slower

99
Q

Slancio

A

Enthusiasm, impetus

100
Q

Con slancio

A

With impetuosity

101
Q

Smorzando, smorz.

A

Dying away in tone and speed

102
Q

Soave

A

Gentle, smooth

103
Q

Sonoramente, sonoro

A

Resonant, with rich tone

104
Q

Sordino, sord

A

Mute

105
Q

Con sordini

A

With mutes

106
Q

Senza sordini

A

without mutes

107
Q

Sospirando

A

Sighing

108
Q

Sotto

A

Below, e.g. a direction for keyboard players to place one hand below the other

109
Q

Spiccato

A

Detached (lit: ‘clearly articulated) a bouncing bow technique on string instruments

110
Q

Spiritoso

A

Spirited

111
Q

Staccato, stacc.

A

Detached, short

112
Q

Staccatissimo

A

Very short

113
Q

Strepitoso

A

Noisy, boisterous

114
Q

Stretto

A

Quickening the speed (also means overlapping entries of a fugue subject)

115
Q

Stringendo

A

Gradually getting faster

116
Q

subito, sub.

A

Suddenly

117
Q

Sul, sulla

A

On the (e.g. sul G: on the G string)

118
Q

Sul ponticello

A

Near (lit: on) the bridge

119
Q

Tacet (Latin)

A

Silent, a direction that a particular part has nothing to play in a section of music

120
Q

Tasto

A

The fingerboard of a string instrument or the key of a keyboard

121
Q

Sul tasto

A

On the fingerboard

122
Q

Tasto solo (T.S)

A

A direction to a continuo player not to add anything above the given bass.

123
Q

Teneramente

A

Tenderly

124
Q

Tenerezza

A

Tenderness

125
Q

Tosto

A

Swift, rapid (but often used in the same sense as troppo)

126
Q

tre

A

Three

127
Q

Tre corde

A

Three strings, a direction to pianists to release the left pedal

128
Q

Tremolando, tremolo, trem.

A

Trembling, a direction for the rapid reiterations of a single note or alternations of different notes

129
Q

Trionfale

A

Triumphant

130
Q

Tristamente, triste

A

Sad

131
Q

Tutti

A

All, everyone

132
Q

Unisono, unis.

A

In unison, with everyone performing the same notes, a direction to cancel ‘divisi’

133
Q

Vibrato

A

Vibrating

134
Q

Vigoroso

A

Vigorous, strong

135
Q

Volti subito, V.S.

A

Turn (the page) at once

136
Q

Volante

A

Flying, fast

137
Q

Glissando, gliss.

A

Slide (a rapid scale passage produced by e.g. drawing a thumb or finger-tip along the white keys of a piano, or by sweeping the fingers across the strings of a harp, or by sliding the finger along a string of string instrument)

Music Theory Definitions (8 decks)

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