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Music Theory Definitions > Grade 5 Italian > Flashcards

Grade 5 Italian Flashcards

1
Q

a due, a 2

A

For 2 performers or instruments (in orchestral or band music, it means that a part is to be played in unison by 2 instruments)

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2
Q

alla marcia

A

In the style of a march

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3
Q

alt

A

High

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4
Q

In alt

A

Used in vocal music to refer to notes in the octave above the treble stave, starting with the G

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5
Q

In altissimo

A

In the octave above that

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6
Q

al tallone

A

Use the bow (of a string instrument) at the heel, i.e. the end held by the player

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7
Q

Amoroso

A

Loving

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8
Q

A piacere

A

At pleasure, the performer is not bound to follow the given rhythm exactly

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9
Q

A punto d’arco

A

Use the bow at the point, i.e. the end opposite to that held by the player

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10
Q

Arco

A

Bow of string instrument, a direction after pizzicato

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11
Q

attacca

A

go straight on, indicating an immediate move to the next section of music

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12
Q

bis

A

Twice, indicating the repetition of a short passage

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13
Q

Bravura

A

Skill, brilliance

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14
Q

Con bravura

A

In a brilliant style

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15
Q

Brilliante

A

Brilliant

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16
Q

calmato

A

calm, tranquil

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17
Q

capriccioso

A

In a whimsical, fanciful style

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18
Q

Colla parte

A

Keep with the soloist, a direction to an accompanist

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19
Q

Colla voce

A

Keep with the singer, a direction to an accompanist

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20
Q

Col legno

A

With the wood, a direction to a string player to play with the wood of the boy rather than with the hair

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21
Q

Coll’ ottava

A

With the octave, a direction to a keyboard player to double notes an octave higher, or lower if ‘bassa’ is added

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22
Q

Corda, corde

A

Strings

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23
Q

Da

A

From

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24
Q

divisi, div.

A

Divided, a direction to orchestral players (usually strings) to divide into 2 or more groups

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25
dolente
sad, mournful
26
Dolore, duolo
Grief
27
Doloroso
Sorrowful
28
doppio movimento
Twice as fast
29
eguale
Equal
30
Expressione
Expression
31
Estinto
As soft as possible, lifeless
32
Felice
Happy
33
Feroce
Fierce
34
fine
End
35
Flautato, flautando
Flute-like, a direction for natural harmonics on string instruments
36
Flessibile
Flexible, not in a strict tempo
37
fretta
Haste
38
Giojoso
Joyful, merry
39
Grandioso
Grandly
40
Impetuoso
Impetuous
41
Incalzando
Getting quicker (literally: pressing forward)
42
Inquieto
Restless
43
in relievo
Prominent (lit: ‘in relief), a direction to make melody stand out
44
Lacrimoso, lagrimando, lagrimoso
Sad (lit. ‘Tearful’)
45
Lamentoso
Lamenting
46
lento
slow
47
Lentement
Slowly
48
liberamente
Freely
49
Licenza
License, freedom
50
Con alcuna licenza
With some freedom, particularly with regard to tempo and rhythm
51
Loco
At the normal pitch (used to cancel an 8va direction, or to confirm that one is not intended)
52
Lontano
Distant
53
Lugubre
Mournful
54
Lunga
Long
55
Lusingando
Coaxing; in a sweet, persuasive style
56
Mano
Hand
57
Mano sinistra, m.s.
Left hand
58
Mano destra, m.d.
Right hand
59
Mancando
Fading away
60
Martellato
Strongly accented (lit: hammered), generally used in string music to denote a particular type of bowing, but can also be applied to music for piano or other instruments.
61
Misterioso
Mysterious
62
misura
measure
63
Alla misura
In strict time
64
muta
Change, e.g. as in changing the tuning of a kettle drum or in transferring from one instrument to another
65
Naturale, nat.
in the ordinary way, a direction to a singer or instrumentalist to resume the normal method of performance (e.g. after a col legno passage in string music)
66
Nobilmente
Nobly
67
nuovo
new
68
di nuovo
again
69
Obbligato
Obligatory, indicating that an instrument has a special role and is essential (though the word is sometimes incorrectly used to mean ‘optional’)
70
Ossia
Or, alternatively (often used to indicate a simpler version of a difficult passage)
71
Ottava, ott.
Octave
72
Ottava bassa
Octave lower
73
Ottava Alta
Octave higher
74
Parlando
Speaking, a direction to sing in a conversational style
75
Patetico
With deep feeling, with pathos
76
Pausa
A pause
77
Pedale
Pedal
78
Per
By, for, through, to
79
piacevole
Pleasant
80
Piangevole
Plaintive, in the style of a lament
81
Pietoso, pietosamente
Tenderly (lit: pitifully)
82
pizzicato, pizz.
plucked, a direction for plucking the strings of a bowed instrument
83
placido
calm, peaceful
84
pochettino, posh.
rather little
85
Pochissimo, poschiss.
Very little
86
poi
then
87
ponticello
Bridge
88
Portamento
slide from one note to the next (lit: carrying), a direction to a voice, bowed instrument or trombone (but not to keyboard instruments since they always play in ‘steps’ of at least a semitone)
89
Precipitando, precipitato, precipitoso
Rushing, headlong
90
Repetizione, replica
Repetition
91
Rigoroso
Strict
92
Rinforzando, rinforzato, rinf., rfz, rf
Reinforcing
93
Saltando, saltato
springing, a lightly bouncing bow technique on string instruments
94
Secco
Crisp (lit: dry) suppress the sound as quickly as possible - do not allow it to continue to reverberate
95
Segue
Go straight on (lit. follow)
96
Sino, sin’
Until, up to
97
Sin’ al fine
Until the end
98
slargando, slentando
Getting slower
99
Slancio
Enthusiasm, impetus
100
Con slancio
With impetuosity
101
Smorzando, smorz.
Dying away in tone and speed
102
Soave
Gentle, smooth
103
Sonoramente, sonoro
Resonant, with rich tone
104
Sordino, sord
Mute
105
Con sordini
With mutes
106
Senza sordini
without mutes
107
Sospirando
Sighing
108
Sotto
Below, e.g. a direction for keyboard players to place one hand below the other
109
Spiccato
Detached (lit: ‘clearly articulated) a bouncing bow technique on string instruments
110
Spiritoso
Spirited
111
Staccato, stacc.
Detached, short
112
Staccatissimo
Very short
113
Strepitoso
Noisy, boisterous
114
Stretto
Quickening the speed (also means overlapping entries of a fugue subject)
115
Stringendo
Gradually getting faster
116
subito, sub.
Suddenly
117
Sul, sulla
On the (e.g. sul G: on the G string)
118
Sul ponticello
Near (lit: on) the bridge
119
Tacet (Latin)
Silent, a direction that a particular part has nothing to play in a section of music
120
Tasto
The fingerboard of a string instrument or the key of a keyboard
121
Sul tasto
On the fingerboard
122
Tasto solo (T.S)
A direction to a continuo player not to add anything above the given bass.
123
Teneramente
Tenderly
124
Tenerezza
Tenderness
125
Tosto
Swift, rapid (but often used in the same sense as troppo)
126
tre
Three
127
Tre corde
Three strings, a direction to pianists to release the left pedal
128
Tremolando, tremolo, trem.
Trembling, a direction for the rapid reiterations of a single note or alternations of different notes
129
Trionfale
Triumphant
130
Tristamente, triste
Sad
131
Tutti
All, everyone
132
Unisono, unis.
In unison, with everyone performing the same notes, a direction to cancel ‘divisi’
133
Vibrato
Vibrating
134
Vigoroso
Vigorous, strong
135
Volti subito, V.S.
Turn (the page) at once
136
Volante
Flying, fast
137
Glissando, gliss.
Slide (a rapid scale passage produced by e.g. drawing a thumb or finger-tip along the white keys of a piano, or by sweeping the fingers across the strings of a harp, or by sliding the finger along a string of string instrument)

Music Theory Definitions (8 decks)

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