Grade 3/4 Flashcards
1
Q
3rd Degree
A
Mediant
2
Q
4th Degree
A
Subdominant
3
Q
5th Degree
A
Dominant
4
Q
6th Degree
A
Submediant
5
Q
7th Degree
A
Leading Note
6
Q
1st Degree
A
Tonic
7
Q
2nd Degree
A
Supertonic
8
Q
Flats for A flat major
A
BEAD.
9
Q
Flats for E flat major
A
BEA.
10
Q
Lower tetrachord
A
Series of four notes separated by three intervals
11
Q
Pattern of major scales (T/S)
A
TTSTTTS.
12
Q
Pneumonic for flat order.
A
Battle Ends And Down Goes Charles' Father
13
Q
Pneumonic for sharp order.
A
Father Charles Goes Down And Ends Battle
14
Q
Primary Triad
A
Tonic/Subdominant/Dominant
15
Q
Tonic/Mediant/Dominant sounded together
A
Tonic Triad.
16
Q
Upper Tetrachord
A
Series of four notes separated by three intervals - which becomes the lower tetrachord of the next sharp/flat scale.
17
Q
What happens to the leading note of every harmonic minor scale?
A
The leading note is raised by one semitone.
18
Q
Pattern of minor scales (T/S)
A
TSTTST1/2S
18
Q
Pattern of minor scales (T/S)
A
TSTTST1/2S
19
Q
What does time sig 2 4 stand for?
A
2 crochets/bar
20
Q
What does 3 4 stand for?
A
3 crochet beats/bar
21
Q
What does 4 4 stand for?
A
4 crochet beats/bar
22
Q
Define simple time
A
Plain undotted beats divisible by two
23
Q
What does the figure at the top of a time signature represent?
A
Number of beats in a bar
24
What does the figure at the bottom of a time signature represent?
Simple - for even numbers
| Compound - for odd numbers
25
Minim rest
Above stave line
26
Semibreve rest
Below stave line
27
Alla breve time
OR Cut common time
| Equivalent to simple duple time OR 2 2
28
What should be used for a whole bar rest?
Semibreve rest
29
Where should a semibreve rest be positioned?
Hang off 2nd stave line
30
Where should minim rest be positioned?
Sit on 3rd stave line.
31
Order of time and key sig
Key sig first (K before T)
32
Perfect intervals
4/5/8ths
33
What number is counted in simple time?
Beats
33
What number is counted in simple time?
Beats
34
What number is counted in compound time?
Pulses
35
Top number of simple time signature is always:
2,3,4
36
Top number of coumpound time signature is always:
6,9,12
37
What rests cannot be used in triple time?
2-beat rests
38
When can crotchet rests be used in 6 8 time?
First and second pulses only.
39
When can crotchet rests be used in 9 8 time?
First and second pulses only.
40
What is a duplet?
Equivalent of a triplet in sinple time.
| Duplet is used in compound time.
41
Soprano Voice Range
High G to Middle C
42
Alto Voice Range
High C to Low G
43
Tenor Voice Range
Alto G to Low C
44
Bass Voice Range
Soprano C to Low F
45
Voice Order
Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass
46
Voice Order
Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass
47
Condition on spacing of 4-part vocal style
Soprano, Alto,Tenor must have a space of no more than an octave between them.
48
What should intervals always be classified as?
Major, Minor, Perfect.
49
How should rests be placed in each bar?
So that they don't break beats...
50
Define cadence.
Point of rest at the end of a phrase, section or a complete piece of music.
51
Sections for Binary Form.
A, B.
52
Sections for Ternary Form.
A, B, A.
53
Sections for Rondo Form.
A, B, A, C, A.
54
What do letters A, B, C... represent in musical forms?
Sections.
55
Trick to transposition.
Count tones.
56
What voices should have stems up?
Soprano and Tenor.
57
What voices should have stems down?
Alto and Bass.
58
Largamente
Broadly
59
Larghetto
Rather Broadly
60
Prestissimo
Extremely fast (or as fast as possible)
61
Con moto
With movement.
62
Calando
Getting softer/slower.
63
Morendo
Dying away.
64
Forte-Piano
Loud then immediately soft.
65
Sforzando
A strong accent
66
Agitato
With agitation
67
Attacca
Go on at once
68
Animato
With animation
69
Tranquillo
Calmly
70
Con anima
With feeling
71
Con brio
With spirit
72
Con grazia
With grace
73
Con Forza
With force
74
Dolce
Soft and sweet
75
Risoluto
With resolution
76
Ben marcato
Well marked
77
Main droite (M.D.)
Right hand
78
Main gauche (M.G.)
Left hand
79
Une corda
With the soft pedal
80
Tre corde
Release the soft pedal
81
Ad libitum
At please, quite freely
82
Loco
At the normal pitch
83
Opus
A work or group of works
84
M.M.
Maelzel's Metronome
85
When can't crotchet rests be used in 9 8 time?
On the 2nd and 3rd pulse groups.
86
What must be included in minor triads/scales?
Accidentals (raise 7th)
87
What must be remembered for minor triads?
Accidentals for dominant
88
What must be focussed on when determining intervals?
Root/Base Note (gives key)...
89
Order of Key and Time Signatures.
K before T
90
What does a step mean?
Direct movement up or down one note.
91
What does the climax represent?
Highest note of a melody.
92
What is a sequence?
A pattern of notes repeated at a different pitch,
93
Liken perfect and plagal cadences to either a full stop/comma
Full stop.
94
Liken imperfect cadences to either a full stop/comma.
Comma
95
How do flat scales build on tetrachords?
In the opposite direction to sharp scales.
96
Liken interrupted cadences to punctuation.
Question mark.
97
Flats for D flat major
BEADG
98
Flats for G flat major
BEADGC
99
Sharps for B major
FCGDA
100
Sharps for F sharp major.
FCGDAE
101
Chromatic semitone
Notes have same letter (e.g. C to C sharp).
102
Diatonic semitone
Notes have different letters (e.g. G sharp to A)
103
Major intervals inverted become...
Minor.
104
Minor intervals inverted become...
Major.
105
Augmented intervals inverted become...
Dimininshed
106
Diminished intervals inverted become...
Augmented.
107
Perfect intervals inverted remain...
Perfect.
108
Technique for determining number of an inverted interval...
Subtract the number of the original interval from nine.
109
b
First inversion
110
Root position triads.
5 3 chords.
111
First inversion triads.
6 3 chords.
112
Chords preceding cadences.
First inversion chords.
113
Numbers representing Cut Common Time
2 2
114
Simple duple time sign.
2 2
Cut common time
2 4
115
Simple tripe time sign.
3 2
3 4
3 8
6 4
116
Simple quadruple time sign.
4 4
| c
117
Compound duple time sign.
6 8
118
Compound triple time sign.
9 8
119
Compound quadruple time sign.
12 8
120
2 2
Simple duple time
121
2 4
Simple duple time
122
3 2
Simple triple time
123
3 4
Simple triple time
124
3 8
Simple triple time
125
6 4
Simple triple time
126
4 4
Simple quadruple time
127
6 8
Compound duple time
128
9 8
Compound triple time
129
12 8
Compound quadruple time
130
Define modulation
Changes of key
131
Define contrapuntal.
Two or more independent melodies played together as one.
132
Appogiatura vs acciacatura
Appogiatura (no line) - held longer than acciacatura...
133
Arco
Playing with the bow.
134
Pizzicato
Plucked with the fingers.
135
What should be doubled when writing first inversion chords?
Third or sixth (but NOT the root).
136
Tremelo.
Bowing back and forth very rapidly to produce a shimmery or wavering effect.
137
Sul ponticello
Playing with the bow near the bridge.
138
Sul tasto.
Playing with the bow on or near the finger board.
139
Cantando
In a singing style.
140
Tenuto.
Held.
141
Piacevole.
Pleasant, agreeable.
142
Portamento
A smooth gliding from one note to another.
143
Dolente
Sadly, plaintive.
144
Doloroso
Sadly, plaintive.
145
Sotto voce
Softly, in an undertone.
146
Giocoso
Gay, merry.
147
Grazioso
Gracefully.
148
Assai
Very.
149
Quasi
As if, as it were.
150
Scherzando
Playfully.
151
Subito
Suddenly.
152
Non troppo
Not too much.
153
Tempo commodo.
At a comfortable speed.
154
Tempo giusto.
At a consistent speed.
155
l'istesso tempo
At the same speed.
156
Grave.
Slow with solemn.
157
Rubato.
With some freedom in the time.
158
Stringendo.
Pressing on faster.
159
Perdendosi.
Fading away.
160
Smorzando.
Dying away.
161
Rinforzando.
Reinforcing the tone.
164
Pesante.
Heavily.
165
Uppermordent
Squiggle
166
Lower mordent
Squiggle with line
167
Turn
Necklace lock/clasp
168
Inverted turn
With line through or vertical (instead of horizontal)
169
Trill
tr. w squiggle
170
Acciacatura
Crushed note w line
171
Appogiatura
Leaning note (w/out line)
172
Augmented interval
One semitone larger than a major/perfect interval.
173
Diminished interval
One semitone smaller than a minor/perfect interval.
