Grade 10 Geography Terms

Question 1

Birth rate

Answer 1

the number of live births per thousand of population per year

Question 2

Child mortality rate

Answer 2

the number of deaths of children under five years of age in a given year per one thousand children in this age group

Question 3

Death rate

Answer 3

the ratio of deaths to the population of a particular area or during a particular period of time, usually calculated as the number of deaths per one thousand people per year.

Question 4

Demographic

Answer 4

the statistical characteristics of human populations (such as age or income)

Question 5

Ecological footprint

Answer 5

the impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources

Question 6

Fertility rate

Answer 6

The fertility rate at a given age is the number of children born alive to women of that age during the year as a proportion of the average annual population of women of the same age.

Question 7

Food security

Answer 7

the state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food

Question 8

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita

Answer 8

GDP per capita measures the sum of marketed goods and services produced within the national boundary, averaged across everyone who lives within this territory

Question 9

Human Development Index

Answer 9

a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable and have a decent standard of living

Question 10

Infant mortality rate

Answer 10

Infant mortality is the death of an infant before his or her first birthday. The infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births

Question 11

Infrastructure

Answer 11

the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g. buildings, roads, power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise

Question 12

Life expectancy at birth

Answer 12

the average number of years that a newborn could expect to live if he or she were to pass through life subject to the age-specific mortality rates of a given period

Question 13

Maternal health

Answer 13

the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period

Question 14

Non-government organisations (NGOs)

Answer 14

an organization that tries to achieve social or political aims but is not controlled by a government

Question 15

Population density

Answer 15

a measurement of the number of people in an area

Question 16

Poverty

Answer 16

the state of being extremely poor

Question 17

Rural areas

Answer 17

open swaths of land that have few homes or other buildings, and not very many people

Question 18

Sanitation

Answer 18

conditions relating to public health, especially the provision of clean drinking water and adequate sewage disposal

Question 19

Subsistence agriculture

Answer 19

form of farming in which nearly all of the crops or livestock raised are used to maintain the farmer and the farmer’s family, leaving little, if any, surplus for sale or trade