Grade 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of this note?

A

a semibreve (whole note)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the name of this note?

A

A minim (half note)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the name of this note?

A

A crotchet (quarter note)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the name of this note?

A

A quaver (eighth note)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the name of this note?

A

semi-quaver (sixteenth note)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are notes grouped together in written music?

A

Notes are grouped together into measures, also known as bars.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the lines called, which seperate bars?

A

bar or measure lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

At the beginning of each piece of music is a time signature. What is a time signature?

A

The time signature consists of 2 numbers, shown on top of each other. The top figure shows how many beats there will be in a bar. The bottom figure shows what kind of beats they are.

for example 4/4 = 4 beats per bar, each beat = 1/4 note

3/4 = 3 beats per bar, each beat = 1/4 note

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is common-time?

A

Common time is another name for 4/4 time and is shown as:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a beamed note?

A

When there are 2 or more quavers or semiquavers in a bar, they can joined together by a beam.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the letter names of notes?

A

The notes are named after the first 7 letters of the alphabet:

A B C D E F G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a stave, or staff?

A

The staff, or stave, is a set of five horizontal lines and four spaces that each represent a different musical pitch (note).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the purpose of a clef?

A

To show what note is A, B etc a clef is placed at the beginning of each stave.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 most common clefs called?

A

The treble clef and the bass clef.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is another name for the treble clef?

A

The treble clef is also known as the G-clef, because it curls around the 2nd line, which is the G line.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is another name for the bass clef?

A

Another name for the base clef is the F clef, because it has 2 dots in it’s symbol, which go each side of the F line.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In the treble stave, what are the notes on the lines?

A

E G B D F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In the treble stave, what are the notes on the spaces?

A

F A C E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In the bass stave, what are the notes on the lines?

A

G B D F A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In the bass stave, what are the notes on the spaces?

A

A C E G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 3 elements of a note called?

A
  1. note head
  2. stem
  3. flag
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

If a note is shown below the middle line of the stave, how should it be drawn?

A

The note should be drawn, such that the stem goes up on the right.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

If a note is shown on or above the middle line of the stave, how should it be drawn?

A

The note should be drawn, such that the stem goes down on the left.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When quavers or semiquavers are drawn, what happens to the flag?

A

The flag is always drawn to the right regardless of whether the stem goes up or down.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

It is sometimes necessary to write notes that are higher or lower than those on the stave. What happens in those cases?

A

Short extra lines are added below or above the stave to accomodate the note(s).

These are called ledger lines.

They are only long enough for the notes which need them and are never joined up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the black notes on the piano called?

A

The black notes on the piano are known as sharps and flats. A black note to the right of a white key has the same letter as the white key but has a ‘sharp’ (#) added. A black note to the left of a white key has the same letter note as the white key but has a ‘flat’ (b) added.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the full name of a white note. e.g. C?

A

C natural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the distance between 2 notes called?

A

The distance between 2 notes is called the interval.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the interval between 2 adjacent keys on the piano called?

A

A semitone. 2 semitones together make a tone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

If all the white notes from C to C are played. What has been played?

A

A scale has been played. C major.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the notes that comprise the C-major scale and what are the intervals between each note?

A

C-D-E-F-G-A-B-C

The intervals are WWHWWWH

where W=whole tone & H=half tone.

This interval pattern (WWHWWWH) is the same for all Major scales.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What notes comprise the G major scale and what are the intervals between the notes?

A

G-A-B-C-D-E-F#-G

Again, The intervals are WWHWWWH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What notes comprise the D major scale and what are the intervals between the notes?

A

D-E-F#-G-A-B-C#-D

Again, The intervals are WWHWWWH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What notes comprise the F major scale and what are the intervals between the notes?

A

F-G-A-Bb-C-D-E-F

Again, The intervals are WWHWWWH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What does a rest do?

A

It signifies the length of a period of silence. Rests are measured in beats, as musical notes are.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is the name of this rest?

A

a semibreve (whole rest)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the name of this rest?

A

A minim (half rest)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the name of this rest?

A

A crotchet (quarter rest)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the name of this rest?

A

A quaver (eighth rest)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What is the name of this rest?

A

A semiquaver (sixteenth rest)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

How is a completely silent bar marked?

A

A completely silent bar is marked with a semibreve rest, not only in 4/4 time, but also in 3/4 and 2/4 time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is a musical tie?

A

A tie joins notes, which are next to each other and which have the same pitch. Tied notes become one continuous note. Not a tie always goes from the head of one note to another.

43
Q

What does a dot (.) after a note signify?

A

A dot (.) after a note makes it longer, by half its value.

44
Q

What is the key note of a scale?

A

A piece of music made from the notes of a scale are said to be in the key of that scale. The first note of that scale is said to be the key note of the scale.

e.g. A song is in the key of D major. The key note is D.

45
Q

What is a key signature?

A

Sharps or flat signs are placed after the time signature to indicate the key signature of the piece. The key signature tells one how many sharps or flats are in the scale

46
Q

Which major scale has the following key signature. How many sharps and flats does it have and which notes are sharpened or flatted?

A

C major. There are no sharps or flats.

47
Q

Which major scale has the following key signature. How many sharps and flats does it have and which notes are sharpened or flatted?

A

G major. There is one sharp, F sharp.

48
Q

Which major scale has the following key signature. How many sharps and flats does it have and which notes are sharpened or flatted?

A

D major. There are 2 sharps, F sharp and C sharp.

49
Q

Which major scale has the following key signature. How many sharps and flats does it have and which notes are sharpened or flatted?

A

F major. One flat B flat.

50
Q

What is an accidental?

A

Individual notes can be raised or lowered a semi-tone by using a sharp, a flat or natural sign.

51
Q

What effect does this accidental have on a note?

A

This accidental (flat) lowers the pitch of the following note by a semitone.

e.g. G …. Gb/F#

N.B.

The accidental is in force for the remainder of the measure and all G’s in that measure will be flattened to Gb/F#

52
Q

What effect does this accidental have on a note?

A

This accidental (sharp) raises the pitch of the following note by a semitone.

e.g. G …. G#/Ab

N.B.

The accidental is in force for the remainder of the measure and all G’s in that measure will be sharpended to G#/Ab

53
Q

What effect does this accidental have on a note?

A

This accidental (natural), cancels out any flats or sharps and returns a note to its original natural value.

e.g. a sharp raises G …. G#/Ab. This accidental cancels the sharp and G is G natural.

54
Q

What is meant by the degree of a scale?

A

The various notes of a scale are also known as the degrees of a scale.

1st, 2nd, 3rd etc.

The 1st note is the 1st degree, the 2nd is the 2nd degree and so on.

55
Q

What is the 1st degree of a scale also known as?

A

The 1st degree of a scale is also known as the Tonic.

The tonic note of the C major scale is C.

56
Q

What is a Tonic Triad?

A

When the 1st, 3rd and 5th degrees of a scale are played together, that is a tonic triad.

C tonic triad = C + E + G

57
Q

Which 3 notes comprise a C major tonic triad?

A

C + E + G

58
Q

Which 3 notes comprise a G major tonic triad?

A

G + B + D

59
Q

Which 3 notes comprise D major tonic triad?

A

D + F# + A

60
Q

Which 3 notes comprise F major tonic triad?

A

F + A + C

61
Q

What is an interval?

A

An interval is how far apart 2 notes are. The number of an interval is the number of scale degrees it contains or put simple, the number of letter names which are included in it.

  • C … D = 2nd
  • C … E = 3rd
62
Q

What is a harmonic interval?

A

If 2 notes are played together, that is a harmonic interval.

63
Q

What is a melodic interval?

A

If 2 notes are played one after the other, that is a melodic interval.

64
Q

What is meant by beaming notes together?

A

Quaver (eigth) and semiquaver (sixteenth) notes can be joined together with a beam to help the performer read the music more easily and quickly.

65
Q

What are the rules for beaming in 2/4 time?

A

In 2/4 time there are two crotchet beats per bar. There is one strong beat, which is the first beat of the bar. The second crotchet beat is the weak beat.

Notes are normally beamed together to make up one crotchet beat.

If there are four quavers in a bar, they can all be beamed together.

66
Q

What are the rules for beaming in 3/4 time?

A

In 3/4 time there are three crotchets per bar. There is one strong beat, which is the first beat of the bar, followed by two weak beats.

The quavers can be beamed right across two or three whole crotchet beats, but the first note of the group must fall on the beat, not on an off beat.

67
Q

What are the rules for beaming in 4/4 time?

A

In 4/4 time there are four crotchet beats per bar.The first beat of the bar is the strong beat. The second and fourth beats are the weak beats. But the third beat is a secondary strong beat.

You can beam together quavers which make up to two crotchets’ worth of beats, but only if they fall on beats 1-2 or 3-4. You cannot beam together quavers or semiquavers which cross from beats 2-3.

68
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

accelerando

A

gradually getting quicker

69
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

adagio

A

slow

70
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

allegretto

A

fairly quick

71
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

allegro

A

quick

72
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

andante

A

medium (walking) pace

73
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

cantabile

A

in a singing style

74
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

crescendo (or cresc)

A

gradually getting louder

75
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

da capo (D.C)

A

repeat from the beginning

76
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

dal segno (D.S.)

A

repeat from the sign

77
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

decrescendo (or descreasc.)

A

gradually getting quieter

78
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

fine

A

the end

79
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

f (forte)

A

loud

80
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

ff (fortissimo)

A

very loud

81
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

legato

A

smoothly

82
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

lento

A

slow

83
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

mezzo

A

half

84
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

mf (mezzo forte)

A

moderately loud (half loud)

85
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

mp (mezzo piano)

A

moderately quiet (half quiet)

86
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

moderato

A

moderately quick

87
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

p (piano)

A

quiet

88
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

pp (pianissimo)

A

very quiet

89
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

poco

A

a little

90
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

rallentando (or rall.)

A

gradually getting slower

91
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

ritardando (ritard or rit)

A

gradually getting slower

92
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

ritenuto (riten or rit)

A

held back

93
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

stacatto (or stacc.)

A

detached

94
Q

What does the following performance direction mean?

tempo

A

speed, time

95
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Cresecendo (gradually getting louder)

96
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

diminuendo (gradually getting quieter)

97
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

This symbol is a ‘slur’. Can also go over 2 or more notes. It means perform the notes smoothly.

98
Q

What do these symbol mean?

A

Over a note or notes, play 1 octave higher.

Under a note or notes, play 1 octave lower.

99
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

A dot over or under a note means play staccato.

100
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Accent the note

101
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

pause on the note or rest

102
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Repeat marks. At the 2nd sign , go back to the first sign and repeat the music from there.

103
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

120 crotchet beats in a minute