Gr4 Farming And food Term 3 Flashcards
Where does all of our food come from
Animals or plants
Name 5 ways people can get food
Buy food from shops or vendors Grow their own food Collect food such as berries Go fishing Hunting
What are the 2 ways of farming in South Africa
Subsistence farming
Commercial farming
What is subsistence farming
It is when farmers grow crops and raise animals to produce enough food for themselves and their families
What is commercial farming
It is a business where farmers grow crops and raise animals to sell
Do people grow food in towns and cities? Why
Many people who live in towns and cities have moved there from the country and know how to grow food. Living in town is expensive so some people grow their own food to save money
What are cereal crops
Maize and wheat
What do we make from wheat
Flour, which is used to make bread
What do we make from maize
Maize seed is used to make mielie meal which is used to make porridge or pap
Where does maize grow best
In places where the summers are hot and wet and winters are cold and dry. This is in the Eastern parts of South Africa
Where does wheat grow best
The western cape where the summers are hot and dry and winters cold and wet. Wheat is harvested in summer
What do we use to make sugar
Sugar cane
Where does sugar cane grow best
In a hot wet climate, like Kwa Zulu Natal and Mpumalanga
What kinds of fruit do commercial farmers grow
Apples Pears Bananas Pineapples Oranges Grapes
What are the large stock used in farming
Beef cattle for meat
Dairy cattle for milk
Sheep for meat and wool
What are small stock used for farming
Goats for milk and meat
Pigs for meat
Chickens for eggs and meat
In what 3 provinces are beef cattle farmed
Northern Cape
Kwa Zulu Natal
Limpopo
3 provinces where sheep are farmed
Western Cape
Eastern Cape
Free State
Why are sheep and cattle farms in different provinces
They eat different types of grass
What province grows maize and wheat
Free state
What provinc does not grow maize or wheat
Northern Cape
What provinces grow sugar cane
Kwa Zulu Natal
Mpumalanga
Why isn’t sugar cane grown in all the provinces
Sugar cane doesn’t grow well in the cold
What are the 4 main crops grown in South Africa
Maize
Wheat
Sugar cane
Fruit
What meat do we get from
1. Cattle
2 pigs
3 sheep
- Beef
- Pork
- Mutton
Why does a sheep farmer need more land than a pig farmer
Sheep need a lot of land because they eat lots of grass, pigs can be kept inside a shed
What do we use poultry for
We use poultry for eggs, meat and feathers
What are unprocessed foods
Foods that have not changed in any way, they are the same as when they left the farm
What is processed food
Foods that have been changed in some way
What are the ways of processing food
Frozen ( meat) Dried ( beans) Canned ( tuna) Vacuum packed ( meat) Cooked ( cakes) Cut up ( vegetables) Grated ( cheese) Squeezed ( fruit juice)
Why is processed food more expensive than unprocessed
Food is processed in factories which costs money
Why do we process food
Processed food lasts longer
Processed food is easy and convenient
How does food get from the farm to our homes
- The food grows
- The food is transported to the processor ( fuel is used)
- the food is processed
- food is transported to the distributor ( fuel is used)
- the food is stored
- the food is sold
- the food is taken home
- the food is eaten
What is stock
Animals that are raised for their meat,milk or eggs
What does free range chicken mean
Chickens wander freely and eat what they find on the ground
What are battery chickens
Chickens live in cages, food is bought to them
What is a crop
Plants that are grown for food
What are some farming expenses
Seed Animals Labour Equipment Fertiliser Chemicals Irrigation Transport Food
