Gr12 Organic chemistry

Question 1

Define organic molecules

Answer 1

It is molecules containing carbon atoms.

Question 2

Define Molecular formula

Answer 2

A chemical formula that indicates the type of atoms and the correct number of each in a molecule.
Example: C4H8O

Question 3

Define Structural formula

Answer 3

A structural formula of a compound shows which atoms are attached to which within the molecule.

Question 4

Define Condensed structural formula

Answer 4

This notation shows the way in which atoms are bonded together in the molecule, but DOES NOT SHOW ALL bond lines.
Example: CH3CH2COCH3

Question 5

Define Hydrocarbon

Answer 5

Organic compounds that consist of hydrogen and carbon only.

Question 6

Define Homologous series

Answer 6

A series of organic compounds that can be described by the same general formula OR in which one member differs from the next with a CH2 group.

Question 7

Define Saturated compounds

Answer 7

Compounds in which there are no multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains.

Question 8

Define Unsaturated compounds

Answer 8

Compounds with one or more multiple bonds between C atoms in their hydrocarbon chains.

Question 9

Define Functional group

Answer 9

A bond or an atom or a group of atoms that determine(s) the physical and chemical properties of a group of organic compounds.

Question 10

Define Structural isomer

Answer 10

Organic molecules with the same molecular formula, but different
structural formulae.

Question 11

Define Chain isomers

Answer 11

Same molecular formula, but different types of chains

Question 12

Define Positional isomers

Answer 12

Same molecular formula, but different positions of the side chain, substituents or functional groups on the parent chain

Question 13

Define Functional isomers

Answer 13

Same molecular formula, but different functional groups

Question 14

Define Cracking

Answer 14

The chemical process in which longer chain hydrocarbon molecules are broken down to shorter more useful molecules.