GP Flashcards
what is a hazard
something with potential to cause harm
what is a risk
he likelihood of harm occurring
what is a risk factor
increases the risk of harm
what is a protective factor
decreases the risk of harm
what is susceptibility
influences the likelihood that something will cause harm
what are the dif types of hazard
Physical Chemical Mechanical Biological Psychosocial
what are some routes of exposure to hazardous substances
Skin (including eye)
Blood (injection)
Sexual
Inhalation
Ingestion
what are the 3 principles of risk perception
Feeling In Control
Size of the Potential Harm
Familiarity with the risk
examples of physical hazards
noise, radiation, air pollution, vibration
examples of chemical hazards
drugs, alc
examples of mechanical hazards
machinery, musk/skeletal injury
examples of biological hazards
pathogenic
examples of psychosocial hazards
diet, occupation, mental support
what are some influences on health
government
role models
culture
wealth+equality of nation
political decisions
economic spend
legislation
What economic factors influence health
Nutrition Sanitation Housing Transport Healthcare Spending
what are some economic health hazards
poverty lack of education unemployment poor housing inadequate food and nutrition
how can government improve health through taxing
tax on fat, sugar, alcohol, tobacco
inc prices so buy less
how can government improve health through subsidising
winter fuel allowance
free school meals
reduce rates for council sports facilities
cycle to work schemes
how can government improve health through social policies
ban advertising of unhealthy foods limit access to unhealthy foods child support cycling benefits for unemployed
what are 4 essential components of clinical competence
Knowledge, communication skills, physical examination and problem solving
what 3 skills are needed for successful communication in consultation
Content skills.
Perceptual skills.
Process skills.
what 3 types of doctor-patient relationships are there in medical interviewing
Authoritarian or paternalistic relationship
Guidance/co-operation
Mutual participation relationship
what does ICE stand for
ideas, concerns and expectations
what are 3 interviewing techniques
open-ended question
Facilitation
listening and Silence
what types of questions can you ask in a consultation
Open-ended question Direct question Closed question Leading question Reflected question
what are 4 points to consider for body language
Culture
Context
Gesture Clusters
Congruence
what body language can you pick up in consultation
Gaze behaviour
Posture
Specific Gesture
what are the signs of stress
Physical
Emotional
Behavioural
what is self-efficacy
Your belief in your ability to deal with different situations
what are 4 components of self-efficacy
enactive self-mastery (failure/success of actual perofrmance)
role-modeling
verbal/social persuasion (pep-talks)
physiological cues
what factors influence health related behaviours
biological
environmental
psychological
social
what is the stages of change model
precontemplation contemplation determination action relapse maintenance
how behaviour be changed at population level
government initiatives- laws, bans
campaigns using influential figures
how behaviour be changed at community level
Smoking cessation clinics
Healthy helpings NHS grampian
Local support groups- AA, turning point
Parkrun
how behaviour be changed at individual level
Role of health Professional
- Challenging health behaviours
- Signposting patients to appropriate resources
- Patient education
what is the classification of coping strategies
Problem solving Support seeking Escape/avoidance Distraction Cognitive Restructuring -Positive thinking
what is safety netting
giving patient info about actions to take if their condition fails to improve, changes or if they have further concerns about their health in the future
ensure there is a plan made for the worst scenario
