GOVT 2305 - Exam 2 Flashcards
1) Which constitutional amendment protects the individual against self-incrimination? A) First B) Second C) Fourth D) Fifth E) Ninth
D
2) In 2015, the Supreme Court ruled that state bans on same-sex marriage violated the Fourteenth Amendment in which case? A) Obergefell v. Hodges B) Loving v. Virginia C) Grutter v. Bollinger D) Shelby County v. Holder E) Lau v. Nichols
A
3) What term do scholars use for a purported opinion offered by a respondent who is unfamiliar with the specific issue? A) uninformed response B) faulty opinion C) invalid answer D) confused response E) nonopinion
E
4) A properly drawn sample of one thousand individuals has a sampling error of roughly plus or minus A) 1 percent. B) 3 percent. C) 5 percent. D) 8 percent. E) 10 percent.
B
5) In which of the following measures are Asian Americans underrepresented compared to whites and even other minorities like Hispanics and Black Americans? A) holding top business positions B) managerial jobs in the tech sector C) higher-income families D) political representation E) placement in higher education
D
6) A member of Congress who wants to act on what the majority of his or her constituency thinks on a particular issue would be advised to respond to which of the following indicators?
A) letters from constituents
B) the editorial positions of newspapers in the constituency
C) public demonstrations by constituents
D) a poll based on a random selection sample of constituents
E) the number of yard signs on major streets
D
7) The individual freedoms in the Bill of Rights were extended by the Fourteenth Amendment to include protection from deprivation of due process rights by
A) actions of the president.
B) the actions of individuals.
C) actions of the federal government.
D) actions of state and local governments.
E) actions of the U.S. military.
D
8) Which of the following is true of discrimination against the disabled in the United States?
A) The Americans with Disabilities Act grants protections to the disabled only in the employment sphere.
B) Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1975.
C) Before 1975, four million children with disabilities were getting either no education or an inappropriate one.
D) Through the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, Congress required that schools receiving federal funding provide all children, however severe their disability, with a free and appropriate education.
E) Discrimination against the disabled is among the forms of discrimination prohibited by the Constitution, but it has also been strengthened through various statutes.
C
9) Regarding same-sex marriage, it is true that
A) the marriage issue has been the primary focus of the LGBTQ community until recently.
B) several states have recently reversed earlier legal approval of the practice.
C) younger people are more likely to approve of it than older people are.
D) it first became legal in New York.
E) it is a state issue that is beyond federal control or influence.
C
10) The right to an attorney is guaranteed by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Amendment. A) First B) Fifth C) Sixth D) Ninth E) Tenth
C
11) What was the primary cause for an increase in the public’s support for a military invasion of Iraq during the six-month period leading to the start of the war?
A) the inability of the United Nations to discover strong evidence of weapons of mass destruction
B) mainstream media coverage of the actions of the Iraqi government
C) grassroots efforts by conservative groups that argued it was necessary for greater national security
D) the Bush administration’s efforts to press the case for war
E) election-year posturing on national security issues by congressional candidates for office
D
12) In 2004, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ instituted same-sex marriage. A) California B) Texas C) Vermont D) Massachusetts E) Alabama
D
13) ________ once said that he spent nearly all his adult life in government and yet had never seen a government.
A) Theodore Roosevelt B) Woodrow Wilson C) Abraham Lincoln D) George W. Bush E) Harry Truman
B
14) If a person yells "Fire!" in a crowded theater when there is no fire, and people are hurt in the ensuing panic, that individual has abused their freedom of speech, according to the doctrine of A) malice. B) clear and present danger. C) unlawful assembly. D) privacy. E) prior restraint.
B
15) Which of the following statements is true of age discrimination in the United States?
A) The courts have not given government and employers any leeway in establishing age-based policies.
B) Forced retirement for reasons of age is not permissible even if justified by the nature of a particular job or the performance of a particular employee.
C) Age discrimination is among the forms of discrimination prohibited by the U.S. Constitution.
D) Mandatory retirement ages for most jobs have been eliminated by law.
E) Hiring bias on the basis of age is still allowed by all private companies but has been mostly abolished in government and public agencies.
D
16) Gideon v. Wainwright is to the Sixth Amendment as Mapp v. Ohio is to the A) First Amendment. B) Fourth Amendment. C) Fifth Amendment. D) Eighth Amendment. E) Tenth Amendment.
B
17) How did the United States Supreme Court respond to the Trump administration’s cancellation of the DACA program?
A) It affirmed the cancellation on the grounds that this policy lay within the executive branch’s authority.
B) It overruled the administration on the grounds that the cancellation violated the Dreamers’ Fourteenth Amendment rights.
C) It overruled the administration on the grounds that it had demonstrated racial bias in the past.
D) It overruled the administration on the grounds that it had not provided an adequate justification for its policy.
E) It affirmed the administration’s cancellation of the program, arguing that America should come first
D
18) Which of the following is true of letter writers and demonstrators?
A) They tend to be individuals who have participated in violent or physical expressions of political opinion.
B) They tend to espouse a centrist ideological leaning.
C) They tend to have a greater effect on policymakers than the public opinion polls of the general population.
D) Roughly 10 percent of Americans participate in a mass demonstration or write a letter to the editor each year.
E) Their opinions tend to be more extreme than those of the population as whole.
E
19) In Mapp v. Ohio, the selective incorporation process was extended to include
A) criminal proceedings in the states.
B) civil cases.
C) pleas of insanity.
D) children (minors) accused of crime.
E) indigent litigants.
A
20) How did the Supreme Court’s position on the rights of the criminally accused in state courts change in the 1960s?
A) The Supreme Court began to allow states greater freedom to interpret the rights of the accused.
B) The Supreme Court began to dramatically reduce federal power to force the states to make special accommodations for the rights of accused minorities.
C) The Supreme Court began to protect the rights of the accused from action by the states.
D) The Supreme Court’s position did not change noticeably.
E) The Supreme Court ceased to enforce the practice of selective incorporation.
C
