government terms Flashcards
to gather with one another in order to express views on public matters
assemble
a citizens right to bring his or her view to the attention of public officials by such means as written petitions
petition
a form of protest in which people deliberatly but non-violently violate the law as a means of expressing their opposition to some particular law
civil disobedience
the government may not regulate assemblies on the basis of what might be said
content neutral
the right to associate with others to promote political, economic, and other social causes
right of association
doctrine that holds the government must act fairly and in accord with established rules in all that it does
due process
concept that holds that the government must create fair policies and laws
substantive due process
court order authorizing a search
search warrant
concept that holds that the government must employ their procedures and methods
procedural due process
authority of each state to act to protect and promote the public health, safety, morals, and general welfare of its people
police power
the power of a government to take private property for public use
eminent domain
forced labor
involuntary servitude
blanket search warrent with which british custom officials had invaded private homes to search for smuggled goods
writs of assistance
reasonable grounds, a reasonable suspicion of crime
probable cause
bias; unfairness
discrimination
ruling stating that evidence gained as the result of an illegal act by police cannot be used against the person from whom it was seized
exclusionary rule
court order that prevents unjust arrests and imprisonments
writ of habeas corpus
law applied to an act committed before its passage
ex post facto law
formal complaint before a grand jury that charges the accused with one or more crimes
indictment
legislative act that inflicts punishment without a courts trial
bill of attainder
formal device by which a person can be accused of a serious crime
grand jury
formal accusation brought by the grand jury on its own motion, rather than that of the prosecutor
presentment
formal charge filed by a prosecutor without the action of a grand jury
information
trial in which only the judge alone hears the case
bench trial
sum of money that the accused may be required to post as a guarantee that he or she will appear in court at the proper time
bail
once a person has been tried for a crime once, they cannot be tried for that same crime again
double jeopardy
constitutional rights that police must read to a suspect before questioning can occur
miranda rule
law that allows federal judges to order that an accused felon be held, without bail, when there is good reason to believe that he or she will commit another serious crime before the trial
preventive detention
betrayal of one’s country
treason
