Government Flashcards
When did Madrid become the capital of the empire?
1561
When was the Millones tax passed?
It was a rebranded version of which tax under Charles V?
1591
The ‘sisa’ tax (1538)
When did the ‘First Ministry’ end?
1579
When did the Aragonese revolt take place? (Note; only in Zaragoza and only minor nobles)
1590 - 1591
How did Philip crush the revolt?
He quickly dispatched 14,000 infantry, 3,000 cavalry and 25 artillery pieces
Who was forced to lead the 1588 armada?
The Duke of Medina Sidonia
How long could messages take to travel across the empire?
Min. two weeks to Milan, four to Rome and six to the New World
How many orders did Philip have to send for the expulsion of Jews from Milan?
The first in 1590, then again in 1595, twice in 1596 and finally in 1597
Where did the Tridentine Decrees (1564) fail to reach?
Galicia and the Basque regions
What tax did the Cortes succeed in reducing?
The encabezamiento was reduced from 2.5 to 1.5 million ducats
How much did the length of Cortes meetings increase by under Philip?
5 Cortes meeting for 74 days up to 1572. 7 Cortes met for 265 days per year up to 1598
When were servicios withheld from Philip?
1571 and 1573
How did the Cortes succeed in opposing the Millones tax?
Over 100 terms were placed on the tax
When was Escobedo murdered?
1578
List the three revolts against Philip and their dates
Morisco revolt (1568 - 1570) Aragonese revolt (1590 - 1591) Dutch revolt (1566 - 1609)
How had the nobles been tax exempt?
Since exemption had been granted to them at the 1480 Cortes of Toledo
How much of Spain was in noble control by 1600?
2/3 of the 4600 towns of Spain
What did Philip’s daily routine consist of?
Nine hours spent reading up to 400 papers each day
Personal monarchy
How extensively were letrados used under Philip?
All 39 councillors of the Indies were professional men
None of Philip’s secretaries were men of noble birth
How many corregidores were employed under Philip?
66
Why did Seville refuse their Corregidores’ orders in 1590?
They had been demanded to supply troops for Philip’s army, but had already been stretched to the limit
When did the ‘Second Ministry’ begin?
Post-1579
What was the name of the Junta created for the armada in 1586?
the Junta Grande
Name the most frequent members of the Junta da Noche
Vasquez, Moura, Idiaquez & Zuniga
When did Philip tour the empire?
1548 to 1551
When did Philip rule from Portugal, following its annexation?
1580 to 1583
When did Philip hold the Aragonese Cortes? (Contrasting a general Aragonese Cortes under Charles every five years)
1563 and 1585
When did Don Carlos die?
1568
How many rebels were executed in the Low Countries between 1567 and 1573?
1,000
When did El Escorial begin construction?
1563
How many books and paintings were housed within El Escorial?
14,000 books and over 700 paintings
