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Midterms > Government > Flashcards

Government Flashcards

1
Q

System of public rule of authority

A

Government

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2
Q

Love and devotion to ones country

A

Patriotism

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3
Q

Command for the man to reflect the glories of the Maker across creation, back to his fellow man, and finally back to God

A

Creation mandate

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4
Q

Conformity to the standard of God’s character

A

Righteousness

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5
Q

God gave humans certain qualities that reflects his own qualities; reason, moral capacity, spirituality, sociability, and emotions

A

Image of God

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6
Q

The result of the marring of Gods image; saying the humans are depraved

A

Human depravity

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7
Q

This punishment has been the defining right of human government

A

Death penalty

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8
Q

Not biased; fair and just

A

Impartiality

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9
Q

The act of obedience

A

Submission

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10
Q

The Father, Son and Holy Ghost

A

The trinity

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11
Q

The absence of government

A

Anarchy

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12
Q

Three branches of the government

A

Executive, legislative, and judicial

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13
Q

Document that marked the beginning of a democratic government in England

A

English bill of rights

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14
Q

Highest court in the United States

A

Supreme Court

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15
Q

Heart of the American government

A

Constitution

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16
Q

Under this government system the national government has little or no power

A

Confederacy

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17
Q

Governmental system allows for public participation

A

Popular government

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18
Q

The first people who practiced democracy

A

Greeks

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19
Q

Powers given to the national government by the Constitution that defines the limits of its authority

A

Delegated powers

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20
Q

Why were the founding fathers fearful of democracy

A

It would lead to tyranny

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21
Q

Chef executive officer of the United States

A

The president

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22
Q

Five principles of a democratic government

A 
Majority rule 
Equality 
Liberty 
Necessity of compromise 
Individual worth
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23
Q

Term that means government by the people

A

Democracy

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24
Q

The official head of a parliamentary government

A

Prime minister

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25
Q

The system used to elect the US president; each state has a number of electors equal to that state’s representation in Congress

A

Electoral college

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26
Q

A form of monarchy in which the government usually is run by a democratically elected parliament and the monarch is merely a ceremonial head of state; candidate whose partying the legislature appoints the prime minister

A

Parliamentary system

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27
Q

Condition in which a state has no functioning national government

A

Anarchy

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28
Q

The lower house of Congress; representation is based on state population

A

House of Representatives

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29
Q

Upper house in Congress; representation is equal for each state

A

Senate

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30
Q

Is every European country a member of the European Union?

A

No

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31
Q

The New England town meetings are an example of what type of government

A

Direct democracy

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32
Q

Which Roman emperor issued the Edict of Milan in 313, effectively ending official persecution of Christians

A

Constantine

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33
Q

What term means a society in which many different religious groups, all holding different views of right and wrong, live together

A

Pluralism

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34
Q

During the Byzantine Empire, what was the emperor’s role in relation to the church

A

Defending the orthodoxy

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35
Q

What controversy ended by the Diet of Worms

A

Lay investors

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36
Q

Who or what said “congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion”

A

US constitution

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37
Q

Which view holds that Old Testament law holds true today

A

Theonomy

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38
Q

Who or what stated “only a virtuous people are capable of freedom”

A

Benjamin Franklin

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39
Q

Which view advocates the idea that government is formed by the consent of the governed

A

Social contract

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40
Q

Arguments over fundamental issues of truth that are at stake are part of what is called the ….

A

Culture wars

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41
Q

Which philosophy says that religion is a personal, not public, matter

A

Secularism

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42
Q

Who or what stated “our constitution was made only for a moral and religious people”

A

John Adams

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43
Q

Throughout the Middle Ages, churchmen and political rulers rarely agreed whose authority was supreme. For which two entities did they fight to have control

A

Church and Government

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44
Q

What shattered the notion of a single unfied church and resulted in many churches

A

Reformation

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45
Q

How does natural law allow people of different religions to live together peacefully in society

A

Everybody has a conscience and common core values. Most people have an understanding of what is morally right.

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46
Q

How does secularism view selection of church and state

A

Daily public life is outside the church’s jurisdiction, they mainly don’t want the church to be involved in public matters such as school or court or government.

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47
Q

For what two main reasons did people oppose the ratification of the constitution

A

Not enough power for states

No bill of rights

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48
Q

What two factors allowed colonial self government to grow during the colonial period

A

British neglect

3000 miles difference between America and Great Britain

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49
Q

Whom did the second continental congress appoint to lead the continental army

A

George Washington

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50
Q

A leading Anti-Federalist

A

George Mason

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51
Q

Father of the Constitution

A

James Madison

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52
Q

Primary author of the Declaration of Independence

A

Thomas Jefferson

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53
Q

Primary author if the Federalist papers

A

Alexander Hamilton

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54
Q

Originator of social contract theory of government

A

John Locke

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55
Q

Uncompromising compromiser

A

Roger Sherman

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56
Q

Which was the last state to ratify the articles of confederation

A

Maryland

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57
Q

Whose writings in second treatise on Civil government greatly influenced the founding fathers

A

John Locke

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58
Q

What year was the first legislative assembly organized in the New World

A

1619

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59
Q

What king ascended to the throne of England in 1760

A

George III

60
Q

A trade dispute between Virginia and Maryland, as well as Shay’s Rebellion, highlighted the weakness of what document

A

Articles of Confederation

61
Q

In what city did the constitutional convention meet

A

Philadelphia Pennsylvania

62
Q

What are the pseudonyms of writers who opposed the constitution

A

Brutus
Cato
Sydney

63
Q

What law did the 1765 stamp act violate

A

Petition of rights

64
Q

Who led an uprising among farmers in Massachusetts who feared prison sentences for indebtedness

A

Daniel Shays

65
Q

Explain the Virginia and New Jersey plan

A

The Virginia plan advocated a bicameral congress and was based more upon population. The New Jersey plan advocated a unicameral congress; which is made up of only one house. The New Jersey plan contains the one state, one bite idea. The Virginia plan was liked more by larger states whereas the New Jersey plan was liked by smaller states.

66
Q

Under the great compromise, the slave population would count for how much of the population

A

3/5

67
Q

this amendment abolished slavery

A

13

68
Q

this amendment gave eighteen year olds thr right to vote

A

26

69
Q

This amendment guarantees freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition

A

1

70
Q

This amendment limits the president to two terms or no more than ten years in office

A

22

71
Q

This amendment provides the clearest constitutional statement of the principle of federalism

A

10

72
Q

This amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment

A

8

73
Q

This amendment guarantees the right to bear arms

A

2

74
Q

This amendment gave women the right to vote

A

19

75
Q

Defaming a person in writing

A

Libel

76
Q

The first ten amendments

A

Bill of rights

77
Q

Drawing district lines to benefit one group or party over another

A

Gerrymandering

78
Q

An official who is still in office but who was not reelected

A

Lame duck

79
Q

Supreme Court case expanded the third and fourth amendments to imply a right to privacy as one of American citizens’ fundamental rights

A

Griswold v Connecticut

80
Q

President broke the two-term precedent set by George Washington

A

Franklin Roosevelt

81
Q

Article of the constitution makes provision for amending this document

A

Article V

82
Q

Only amendment to the constitution to be ratifies by state conventions

A

21

83
Q

Supreme Court case established the right of judicial review

A

Marbury v Madison

84
Q

The idea that the people are the ultimate source if their governments power

A

Popular sovereignty

85
Q

Of the thousands of amendments that have been proposed, how many have actually been ratified

A

27

86
Q

This document is the oldest constitution still in use in the world

A

United States constitution

87
Q

Where in the constitution are the powers of the state’s made apparent

A

10

88
Q

What term means a system in which the national and state levels are sovereign within their own spheres

A

Dual federalism

89
Q

What term means federal programs that supply money for specific purposes within state and local governments

A

Categorical grants

90
Q

Which amendment established a federal income tax

A

16

91
Q

What form of government is based on limiting government by distributing and dividing power among several government levels and organizations

A

Federalism

92
Q

What is the source of implied powers

A

Enumerated powers

93
Q

Which Supreme Court case determined that states may not raise revenue at the expense of the federal government

A

McCulloch v Maryland

94
Q

What is the source of local government

A

State government

95
Q

Since 1913, what has provided a continuous source if money for the national government

A

Income tax

96
Q

Who said “I pledged loyalty to only one special interest group: ‘We the people’”

A

Ronald Reagan

97
Q

Who said “[I]n America the legislature of each state is supreme; nothing can impede its authority”

A

Alexis de Tocqueville

98
Q

“[S]uch a power is nit expressly given by the Constitution, and believing … It can not be deduced from any part of it … I have no option but to [veto the bill]”

A

James Madison

99
Q

“The federal and state governments are in fact but different agents and trustees of the people, constituted with different powers and designed for different purposes”

A

James Madison

100
Q

Identify and explain two problems related to federalism

A

Increasing national debt- Giving federal aid to the states contributes to the increase
Competition among states for funds- When it comes to receiving federal aid, not all states are equal. Some states receive more federal funds than their residents pay in federal taxes, whereas other states receive less.

101
Q

Who said “All politics is local”

A

Tip O’neill

102
Q

Theodore Bilbo

A

Mississippi

103
Q

Any registered voter may vote in the primary of any one party

A

Open primary

104
Q

Harry Byrd

A

Virginia

105
Q

The candidate with the most votes, regardless of the percentage of votes casts, is the winner

A

Winner-take-all

106
Q

Richard Daley

A

Chicago

107
Q

Candidates political party affiliations are not identified in the ballot

A

Top-two-method

108
Q

E.H. Crump

A

Memphis

109
Q

Only voters registered with a particular party may participate in that party’s primary

A

Closed primary

110
Q

Huey Long

A

Louisiana

111
Q

Constitutional amendment states that all powers are not specifically delegated to the national government or prohibited to the states belong to the states

A

10

112
Q

Type of election voters for a particular party cast votes to determine which of two or more candidates of that party will face the candidates of the opposing party

A

Primary election

113
Q

Tom Pendergast

A

Missouri

114
Q

Form of government the constitution guarantees for each state

A

Republican

115
Q

“Boss” Tweed

A

New York City

116
Q

Only state that has a unicameral legislature

A

Nebraska

117
Q

Form of tax makes up the largest percentage (30 percent) of state tax revenue across all 50 states

A

Property tax

118
Q

A governing system whereby a city and its surrounding county are administered by the same governing body

A

Unified government

119
Q

The lowest divisions of political organization

A

Precincts

120
Q

Process allows voters to remove an elected official form office by holding a special election

A

Recall

121
Q

Process allows voters to repeal changes to their states constitution, charters, or laws passed by the legislature

A

Referendum

122
Q

The legal process of returning an alleged criminal to the state in which he was charged

A

Extradition

123
Q

Title given to a state’s chief officer of its executive branch

A

Governor

124
Q

Constitutional clause ensures that each state recognizes the validity of the other states sovereignty

A

Full faith and credit clause

125
Q

First female member of the House of Representatives

A

Jeanette Rankin

126
Q

The most populous branch of congress, membership based on population; origin of all revenue bills

A

House of Representatives

127
Q

First speaker if the house

A

Frederick Muhlenburg

128
Q

When members of different parties unite to support or defeat a particular piece of legislation

A

Coalition

129
Q

Branch of congress has equal membership for each state

A

Senate

130
Q

First female speaker of the house

A

Nancy Pelosi

131
Q

A seemingly unnecessary trip by a member of congress

A

Junket

132
Q

Longest serving speaker of the house

A

Henry clay

133
Q

This amendment provided for the direct election of senators

A

17

134
Q

Type of committee has members from both houses and serves primarily as an advisory board to other committees

A

Joint committee

135
Q

Most powerful speaker of the house

A

Joe Cannon

136
Q

Type of committee is created for a specific purpose, generally to investigate a specific problem or issue

A

Select committee

137
Q

The most powerful position of leadership in the house

A

Speaker of the house

138
Q

Type of committee is temporary, has members from both houses, and works out a compromise agreement on a bill that has emerged from both houses in different forms

A

Conference committee

139
Q

Longest serving republican speaker if the house

A

Dennis Hastert

140
Q

Who determines he leadership in congress

A

Majority party

141
Q

The most powerful position of leadership in the senate

A

Majority leader

142
Q

The redrawing of congressional district lines to reflect population shifts

A

Reapportionment

143
Q

Serves as president of the senate

A

Vice President

144
Q

Permanent committee is generally more powerful than the other types of committees

A

Standing committee

145
Q

The redrawing of district lines to benefit one political party at the expense of another

A

Gerrymandering

146
Q

Speaker who orchestrated the contract with America

A

Newt Gingrich

Midterms (2 decks)

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