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Government Flashcards

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1
Q

Social contract

A

An agreement to create s government and follow its laws

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2
Q

The founders were the …

A

Political leaders of the colonies

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3
Q

Civic virtue

A

Citizens who put the common good before their own selfish interests

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4
Q

Constitutional government

A

Government that is limited in its power by some framework

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5
Q

Tyranny

A

The unjust abuse government power

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6
Q

Republic government

A

A system of government where the people have control over the state

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7
Q

Republican government

A

A system of government where the people elector choose representatives to carry out their wishes

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8
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

A document by Thomas Jefferson that’s lists the abuses king George lll had inflicted upon the British colonies

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9
Q

“Consent of the Governed”

A

The idea that Government gets its power from the people and the people have the right to take that permission away. Thomas Jefferson states that Government is being abusive you have the right to abolish or overthrow the government.

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10
Q

The purpose of government

A

The purpose of government is to protect natural rights - according to john Locke

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11
Q

Unalienable ( or natural) rights

A

These rights are so fundamental they can’t be taken by anyone or anything .

John lockes fundamental rights ( life liberty and property )

Thomas Jeffersons fundamental rights ( life liberty and the pursuit of happiness)

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12
Q

Legislative branch

A

The “branch” makes the laws and are known as congress . The congress has two parts
The senate and the House of Representatives

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13
Q

State of nature

A

In John Locke’s book “two treatises on Government”be he wrote about the state of nature - Is a world without government where there are no laws , natural rights, and is complete chaos. You don’t have these things bc it’s survival of the fittest .

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14
Q

U.S. Constitution

A

Written in 1787 by James Madison it establishes the framework for all government in the us

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15
Q

Bill of Rights

A

Proposed by James Madison in 1789 , they are the first 10 amendments to the constitution. The constitution has three branches of government.
Judicial branch
Legislature branch
The executive branch

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16
Q

1st Amendment

A

Freedom of speech, to worship , of the press , the right to assemble , and the right to complain to the government if you feel like your rights are violated

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17
Q

2nd Amendment

A

Right to bear arms (own gun)

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18
Q

3rd amendment

A

You are protected from having to keep keep soldiers on your home

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19
Q

4th Amendment

A

You are protected against unlawful searches and seizures

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20
Q

5th Amendment

A

You are protected against self incrimination, and guaranteed due process at the federal level.

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21
Q

7th Amendment

A

The right to a trail by jury shall be preserved when damages exceed $20

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22
Q

6th Amendment

A

Guaranteed a right to a speedy trail by an impartial jury of your peers and the right to confront the witness against you and the right to an attorney

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23
Q

8th Amendment

A

You are protected against cruel and unusual punishment

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24
Q

9th Amendment

A

You have the rights behind Thierry expressly mentioned in the constitution

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25
Q

10th Amendment

A

Declares that rights not specifically given to the federal government remain with the states and the people

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26
Q

13th Amendment

A

Outlaws slavery

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27
Q

14th Amendment

A

Guarantees equal protection under the law by state government

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28
Q

15th Amendment

A

Guarantees the right to vote

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29
Q

19th Amendment

A

Grants the right for women to vote

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30
Q

22 Amendment

A

Limits the president a 2 - 4 year terms

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31
Q

26 Amendment

A

Guarantees the right to vote to anyone over the age of 18

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32
Q

House of Representatives

A

435 members who serve for 2 year terms . MUST be 25 years old or older to serve as a representative. The house is based on proportional or population representation. Must live in your district and be a citizen for 7 years.

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33
Q

Proportional representation

A

Power in congress is based on the population of the state

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34
Q

Equal representation

A

Power in congress is shared equally among the states

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35
Q

The senate

A

100 members serve 6 years term. Every 2 years only 1/3 of the senate can get reelected. YOU MUST be 30 years old to serve as a senator . The senate is based on equal representation where all states have 2 votes . Must. Live in your district and be a citizen for 9 years

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36
Q

Who is the senate led by

A

The Vice President

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37
Q

The electoral college

A

The manner in which we elect a president. Based on the total representatives and senators each state has.
You neee 270 votes out of 538 to be elected president.

38
Q

Battle ground states

A

Purple stars they swing between democratic and republican candidates

39
Q

Powers of the the congress

A

The power to declare war, impose taxes, coin money ,

40
Q

The judicial Branch

A

This branch interprets the laws. The highest court in the land is the United States Supreme Court. Nine members serve on the court and are appointed for life .

41
Q

The executive branch

A

This branch before the laws. The chief executive of the United States - the president . You must be 35 years old to serve as president .

42
Q

A constitution is considered a higher law if it…

A

Must be obeyed by those running the government

43
Q

Dividing the government into different branches is considered as what

A

Separation of powers

44
Q

The great compromise

A

Established the government of the us has having two houses and a strong national government; the house of the representatives and the senate . It was a compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey plans .

45
Q

New Jersey plan

A

Called for a weak national government and one house of congress greed based on equal representation. All states have one vote

46
Q

The Virginia plan

A

Two houses of congress And a strong national government based on population and proportional representation. Population means more power .

47
Q

Miranda rights

A

Established by the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and the 8th amendments and the right of habeas corpus to protect your rights when you’re arrested. First defined in the Supreme Court ( Miranda vs. Arizona )

48
Q

Habeas corpus

A

Meaning to have the body, you have the right to be made aware of the charges against you. If you are not charged after a certain period of time, the authorities have to let you go.

49
Q

Checks and balances

A

The three branches operate with a system of checks and balances which means that our government is designed that no one branch can overpower the other others

50
Q

The supremacy clause

A

Found in the constitution, it establishes the federal constitution as the highest law in the nation

51
Q

Federalism

A

Power is balanced between two levels of government. In the United States our federal system balances power between the federal government and state government.

52
Q

Three/ fifths clause

A

A compromise on the issue of slavery stating that blacks would only count as 3/5ths of a person .south. Supported counting them as whole people why the north didn’t .

53
Q

The anti federalists

A

Americans who were opposed to the new ratification of the us constitution. They feared strong central government and proposed a bill of rights to protect individual rights

54
Q

The federalists

A

Supporters of the new constitution they argued for strong national government and were against the bill of rights.

55
Q

The federalists papers

A

Written by James Madison, John jay , and Alexander Hamilton to support the argument for ratifying the constitution.

56
Q

Federalist number 10

A

James Madison warns against factions or political parties. Argues that America is so large and diverse that Parties should not be able to form

57
Q

Federalist number 51

A

Madison states that “if mean were angels there would be no need for government “ but bc they aren’t perfect we need a system or checks and balances to control government.

58
Q

What did Locke think would happen without government?

A

…..

59
Q

What did Locke believed to be the purpose of Government

A

…..

60
Q

Bills are what

A

Ideas for laws that are proposed by members of congress

61
Q

Bill

A 
The House of Representatives 
The senate 
Committee 
Sub committee
Back to the senate for s vote
62
Q

What happens if a senator rejects the

A

If ones rejects it gets killed

63
Q

What happens if the president doesn’t agree

A

If he doesn’t sign the bill he must veto it sending it back to congress

64
Q

Congress powers

A

Power to establish post offices

Declare war , impose taxes , coin money

65
Q

In what ways does the constitution limit the power of congress?

A

they separated the constitution into three different branches so one would not have the most power

the President can veto legislature passed by the Congress

66
Q

The president has the power to…

A

The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States,

president has the authority to negotiate treaties with other nations

power to sign or veto any legislation

67
Q

Limitations of the president

A

congress is the one that has the power to declare war over other country. The Congress can always stop the President from declaring war

Senates must confirm treaties

68
Q

Powers of the judiciary

A

The Judicial Branch decides argument about the meaning of laws, how they are applied and whether they break the rules of the U.S. Conititution

69
Q

Ways the judiciary powers are limited by the constitution

A

limits on types of issues

Court plays a minor role in dealing with foreign policy

70
Q

Advantages for Virginia plan

A

More power for bigger states

bicameral legislature

The number of representatives would be proportional to the populations of each state.

Control of the national government

More votes

71
Q

Disadvantages for the Virginia plan

A

Smaller states didn’t get equal power

president would manipulate his powers,

Less votes for smaller states

Less power for smaller states

72
Q

Advantages for the New Jersey plan

A

Equal power

Weaker government

Power to collect taxes on products and stamps

Power to regulate trade among the states

73
Q

Disadvantages for the New Jersey plan.

A

Unfair to bigger states

Equal power

74
Q

Great compromise solution

A

Each side received a little and gave up a little . Smaller states got equal representation in the senate and bigger states for proportional representation in the house .

Congress had two houses ^^

75
Q

To protect themselves fro

Abuse of powers the colonists created their own colonial government to include

A

Representative government

76
Q

The system or checks and balances where to what ?

A

Prevent branches of government from abusing power

77
Q

The Declaration of Independence was ..

A

An explanation of the colonist revolt against the Britain

78
Q

The purpose of government is to what

A

Protect people’s natural right

79
Q

Diplomacy played an important role in the American Revolutionary War by ensuring that

A

France would provide loans and military assistance to the Americans

80
Q

The authors of the articles of confederation feared a strong national government so they created a single branch of government…

A

The legislature

81
Q

Difference between the articles of confederation and the constitution is that the constitution gives ..

A

Confess the right to act directly on the people

82
Q

The purpose of the Philadelphia convention was to

A

Improve the articles of confederation

83
Q

The framers resolved the conflict between the northern and southern states by

A

Allowing the slave trade to continue

84
Q

Enumerated powers

A

Granted specially to congress by the constitution

85
Q

A system used to pick the president

A

Electoral college

86
Q

One way of ensuring the neutrality of the national judiciary was to

A

Allow judges to hold their offices fit life with good behavior

87
Q

To get enough support for the ratification of the constitution the federalists agreement to

A

Add a bill of rights

88
Q

The constitution was ratified by a vote of …

A

State legislatures

89
Q

A system of government in which power is shared by the national government the states government and the people is called a ….

A

Federal system

90
Q

Political parties came about as a result of ….

A

Disagreements over the powers of the national government

History (2 decks)

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