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Government Flashcards

1
Q

Social contract

A

An agreement to create s government and follow its laws

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2
Q

The founders were the …

A

Political leaders of the colonies

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3
Q

Civic virtue

A

Citizens who put the common good before their own selfish interests

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4
Q

Constitutional government

A

Government that is limited in its power by some framework

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5
Q

Tyranny

A

The unjust abuse government power

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6
Q

Republic government

A

A system of government where the people have control over the state

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7
Q

Republican government

A

A system of government where the people elector choose representatives to carry out their wishes

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8
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

A document by Thomas Jefferson that’s lists the abuses king George lll had inflicted upon the British colonies

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9
Q

“Consent of the Governed”

A

The idea that Government gets its power from the people and the people have the right to take that permission away. Thomas Jefferson states that Government is being abusive you have the right to abolish or overthrow the government.

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10
Q

The purpose of government

A

The purpose of government is to protect natural rights - according to john Locke

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11
Q

Unalienable ( or natural) rights

A

These rights are so fundamental they can’t be taken by anyone or anything .

John lockes fundamental rights ( life liberty and property )

Thomas Jeffersons fundamental rights ( life liberty and the pursuit of happiness)

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12
Q

Legislative branch

A

The “branch” makes the laws and are known as congress . The congress has two parts
The senate and the House of Representatives

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13
Q

State of nature

A

In John Locke’s book “two treatises on Government”be he wrote about the state of nature - Is a world without government where there are no laws , natural rights, and is complete chaos. You don’t have these things bc it’s survival of the fittest .

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14
Q

U.S. Constitution

A

Written in 1787 by James Madison it establishes the framework for all government in the us

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15
Q

Bill of Rights

A

Proposed by James Madison in 1789 , they are the first 10 amendments to the constitution. The constitution has three branches of government.
Judicial branch
Legislature branch
The executive branch

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16
Q

1st Amendment

A

Freedom of speech, to worship , of the press , the right to assemble , and the right to complain to the government if you feel like your rights are violated

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17
Q

2nd Amendment

A

Right to bear arms (own gun)

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18
Q

3rd amendment

A

You are protected from having to keep keep soldiers on your home

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19
Q

4th Amendment

A

You are protected against unlawful searches and seizures

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20
Q

5th Amendment

A

You are protected against self incrimination, and guaranteed due process at the federal level.

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21
Q

7th Amendment

A

The right to a trail by jury shall be preserved when damages exceed $20

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22
Q

6th Amendment

A

Guaranteed a right to a speedy trail by an impartial jury of your peers and the right to confront the witness against you and the right to an attorney

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23
Q

8th Amendment

A

You are protected against cruel and unusual punishment

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24
Q

9th Amendment

A

You have the rights behind Thierry expressly mentioned in the constitution

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25
10th Amendment
Declares that rights not specifically given to the federal government remain with the states and the people
26
13th Amendment
Outlaws slavery
27
14th Amendment
Guarantees equal protection under the law by state government
28
15th Amendment
Guarantees the right to vote
29
19th Amendment
Grants the right for women to vote
30
22 Amendment
Limits the president a 2 - 4 year terms
31
26 Amendment
Guarantees the right to vote to anyone over the age of 18
32
House of Representatives
435 members who serve for 2 year terms . MUST be 25 years old or older to serve as a representative. The house is based on proportional or population representation. Must live in your district and be a citizen for 7 years.
33
Proportional representation
Power in congress is based on the population of the state
34
Equal representation
Power in congress is shared equally among the states
35
The senate
100 members serve 6 years term. Every 2 years only 1/3 of the senate can get reelected. YOU MUST be 30 years old to serve as a senator . The senate is based on equal representation where all states have 2 votes . Must. Live in your district and be a citizen for 9 years
36
Who is the senate led by
The Vice President
37
The electoral college
The manner in which we elect a president. Based on the total representatives and senators each state has. You neee 270 votes out of 538 to be elected president.
38
Battle ground states
Purple stars they swing between democratic and republican candidates
39
Powers of the the congress
The power to declare war, impose taxes, coin money ,
40
The judicial Branch
This branch interprets the laws. The highest court in the land is the United States Supreme Court. Nine members serve on the court and are appointed for life .
41
The executive branch
This branch before the laws. The chief executive of the United States - the president . You must be 35 years old to serve as president .
42
A constitution is considered a higher law if it...
Must be obeyed by those running the government
43
Dividing the government into different branches is considered as what
Separation of powers
44
The great compromise
Established the government of the us has having two houses and a strong national government; the house of the representatives and the senate . It was a compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey plans .
45
New Jersey plan
Called for a weak national government and one house of congress greed based on equal representation. All states have one vote
46
The Virginia plan
Two houses of congress And a strong national government based on population and proportional representation. Population means more power .
47
Miranda rights
Established by the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and the 8th amendments and the right of habeas corpus to protect your rights when you're arrested. First defined in the Supreme Court ( Miranda vs. Arizona )
48
Habeas corpus
Meaning to have the body, you have the right to be made aware of the charges against you. If you are not charged after a certain period of time, the authorities have to let you go.
49
Checks and balances
The three branches operate with a system of checks and balances which means that our government is designed that no one branch can overpower the other others
50
The supremacy clause
Found in the constitution, it establishes the federal constitution as the highest law in the nation
51
Federalism
Power is balanced between two levels of government. In the United States our federal system balances power between the federal government and state government.
52
Three/ fifths clause
A compromise on the issue of slavery stating that blacks would only count as 3/5ths of a person .south. Supported counting them as whole people why the north didn't .
53
The anti federalists
Americans who were opposed to the new ratification of the us constitution. They feared strong central government and proposed a bill of rights to protect individual rights
54
The federalists
Supporters of the new constitution they argued for strong national government and were against the bill of rights.
55
The federalists papers
Written by James Madison, John jay , and Alexander Hamilton to support the argument for ratifying the constitution.
56
Federalist number 10
James Madison warns against factions or political parties. Argues that America is so large and diverse that Parties should not be able to form
57
Federalist number 51
Madison states that "if mean were angels there would be no need for government " but bc they aren't perfect we need a system or checks and balances to control government.
58
What did Locke think would happen without government?
.....
59
What did Locke believed to be the purpose of Government
.....
60
Bills are what
Ideas for laws that are proposed by members of congress
61
Bill
``` The House of Representatives The senate Committee Sub committee Back to the senate for s vote ```
62
What happens if a senator rejects the
If ones rejects it gets killed
63
What happens if the president doesn't agree
If he doesn't sign the bill he must veto it sending it back to congress
64
Congress powers
Power to establish post offices | Declare war , impose taxes , coin money
65
In what ways does the constitution limit the power of congress?
they separated the constitution into three different branches so one would not have the most power the President can veto legislature passed by the Congress
66
The president has the power to...
The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, president has the authority to negotiate treaties with other nations power to sign or veto any legislation
67
Limitations of the president
congress is the one that has the power to declare war over other country. The Congress can always stop the President from declaring war Senates must confirm treaties
68
Powers of the judiciary
The Judicial Branch decides argument about the meaning of laws, how they are applied and whether they break the rules of the U.S. Conititution
69
Ways the judiciary powers are limited by the constitution
limits on types of issues | Court plays a minor role in dealing with foreign policy
70
Advantages for Virginia plan
More power for bigger states bicameral legislature The number of representatives would be proportional to the populations of each state. Control of the national government More votes
71
Disadvantages for the Virginia plan
Smaller states didn't get equal power president would manipulate his powers, Less votes for smaller states Less power for smaller states
72
Advantages for the New Jersey plan
Equal power Weaker government Power to collect taxes on products and stamps Power to regulate trade among the states
73
Disadvantages for the New Jersey plan.
Unfair to bigger states Equal power
74
Great compromise solution
Each side received a little and gave up a little . Smaller states got equal representation in the senate and bigger states for proportional representation in the house . Congress had two houses ^^
75
To protect themselves fro | Abuse of powers the colonists created their own colonial government to include
Representative government
76
The system or checks and balances where to what ?
Prevent branches of government from abusing power
77
The Declaration of Independence was ..
An explanation of the colonist revolt against the Britain
78
The purpose of government is to what
Protect people's natural right
79
Diplomacy played an important role in the American Revolutionary War by ensuring that
France would provide loans and military assistance to the Americans
80
The authors of the articles of confederation feared a strong national government so they created a single branch of government...
The legislature
81
Difference between the articles of confederation and the constitution is that the constitution gives ..
Confess the right to act directly on the people
82
The purpose of the Philadelphia convention was to
Improve the articles of confederation
83
The framers resolved the conflict between the northern and southern states by
Allowing the slave trade to continue
84
Enumerated powers
Granted specially to congress by the constitution
85
A system used to pick the president
Electoral college
86
One way of ensuring the neutrality of the national judiciary was to
Allow judges to hold their offices fit life with good behavior
87
To get enough support for the ratification of the constitution the federalists agreement to
Add a bill of rights
88
The constitution was ratified by a vote of ...
State legislatures
89
A system of government in which power is shared by the national government the states government and the people is called a ....
Federal system
90
Political parties came about as a result of ....
Disagreements over the powers of the national government

History (2 decks)

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