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Aidan > Government > Flashcards

Government Flashcards

1
Q

Natural Rights

A

Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness

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2
Q

Taxation without representation

A

This means that people are getting taxed without having representation in government to fight against it

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3
Q

Early Problems from the Articles of Federation

A

No universal currency
No federal judiciary
Lack of unity of states
No way to tax
Weakness in foreign policy
Conflicts between states
Can’t suppress the internal rebellion

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4
Q

Basic Role of Any Government

A

To maintain order

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5
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

This was the plan that the smaller states proposed for the new Constitution. They wanted every state to have equal representation in government.

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6
Q

Virginia Plan

A

This was the plan that the larger states proposed for the new Constitution. They wanted representation in government to be based on population.

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7
Q

The Great Compromise

A

This was the combination of the New Jersey and Virginia Plans. This would be a bicameral legislature with a house, based on population, and a senate, with equal representation for states.

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8
Q

Bicameral Legislature

A

This is a Legislature that has 2 separate parts to it that need to work together to create a law

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9
Q

Responsibilities of Legislative Branch

A

Make Laws
Declare War
Ratify Treaties

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10
Q

Responsibilities of Executive Branch

A

Execute Laws
Set Foreign Policy Agenda

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11
Q

Responsibilities of Judicial Branch

A

Interprets Constitution to remove any unconstitutional laws

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12
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

a grassroots popular uprising against the government of Massachusetts that led to calls for reform, or replacement, of the Articles of Confederation

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13
Q

intolerable acts

A

a series of laws passed by Great Britain in response to the Boston Tea Party

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14
Q

communist government

A

citizens provide for the society of equals

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15
Q

constitutional government

A

system that places limits on the ability of the government to restrict individual rights in a constituting document that is recognized as the highest law of the land

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16
Q

direct democracy

A

all citizens meet to debate government matters and vote first hand

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17
Q

representative democracy

A

citizens vote for representatives to vote on certain matters

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18
Q

articles of confederation and perpetual union

A

a constituting document calling for the creation of a union of 13 sovereign states in which the states, not the union, were supreme

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19
Q

constitutional convention

A

a meeting held in Philadelphia in 1787 where state delegates met to fix the Articles of Confederation that would result in the drafting of the US Consitution

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20
Q

separation of powers

A

a design of government that distributes powers across institutions in order to avoid making one branch too powerful

21
Q

amendment

A

a Constitutional provision for a process by which changes may be made to the Constitution

22
Q

3/5 Compromise

A

an agreement reached by delegates at the Constitutional Convention that ensured that slaves would count as 3/5 of a person for their state’s representation

23
Q

logroll

A

a trading of votes, between the slave states and the Northeastern commercial states

24
Q

federalists

A

name taken by supporters of the proposed Constitution who called for a strong national government

25
Q

antifederalists

A

the name taken by those opposed to the proposed Constitution, who favored stronger state governments

26
Q

tyranny

A

the suppression of the rights of a people by those holding power

27
Q

federalist papers

A

a series of 85 essays primarily written by James Madison and Alexander Hamilton and John Jay between 1787 and 1789 that lay out the theory behind the Constitution

28
Q

faction

A

a group of self-interested people who use the government to get what they want, trampling the rights of others in the process

29
Q

tyranny of the majority

A

when a large number of citizens use the power of their majority to trample on the rights of a smaller group

30
Q

tyranny of the minority

A

when a small number of citizens tramples on the rights of the larger population

31
Q

federalism

A

a structure of governance that places the people’s authority in two or more levels of government

32
Q

unitary system

A

structure of governance that places the people’s sovereignty in a national government, with sub-governments deriving their authority from it

33
Q

confederal system

A

structure of governance in which the sub-units retain the majority of the granted authority

34
Q

federal system

A

structure of governance that divides a people’s sovereignty between two or more levels of government

35
Q

supremacy clause

A

a part of the Constitution that establishes it and the laws of the nation passed under its authority as the highest laws of the nation

36
Q

necessary and proper clause

A

a part of the United States Constitution that grants the federal government the authority to pass laws required to carry out its enumerated powers. Also called the elastic clause

37
Q

commerce clause

A

a part of the Constitution that grants Congress the authority to regulate business and commercial activity

38
Q

ennumerated powers

A

powers explicitly granted to the government via the Constitution

39
Q

implied powers

A

powers not textually granted to a government, but considered valid in order to carry out the enumerated powers

40
Q

reserved powers

A

powers reserved to American states if not textually granted to the federal government

41
Q

police powers

A

a category of reserved powers that includes the protection of people’s health, safety, and welfare

42
Q

concurrent powers

A

powers granted to both states and federal government in the United States Constitution

43
Q

Dual Federalism

A

a view of American federalism in which the states and the nation operate independently in their own areas of public policy

44
Q

Cooperative Federalism

A

a vision of American federalism in which the states and the national government work together to shape public policy

45
Q

The Great Depression

A

a period defined by the most significant economic crisis in American history

46
Q

The New Deal

A

a set of policies passed during the administration of President Roosevelt in order to combat the Great Depression

47
Q

states rights

A

the idea that American states have the authority to self-govern, even when in conflict with national laws

48
Q

What do rules help prevent against

A

chaos

Aidan (5 decks)

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