Governance & Funding Flashcards

1
Q

Sole traders

A

Governance

•make all decisions about business themselves
•not accountable to anyone

Benefit: Quicker to make decisions
Negative: does not benefit from diverse viewpoints

Funding

•personal sources
•profits from business reinvest
• loans from family or friends (bank loan needs formal business plan)

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2
Q

Partnerships

A

Governance

  • partnership agreement in place for each individual partners rights and responsibilities
    how profits shared
    what is done in the event of death or retirement or admission of new partner
  • how business will operate day to day basis (e.g for context)

Benefit:
- More viewpoints

Negative:
- more clashes
- not a legal requirement however if no partnership agreement in place, partnership act (1890) in place and partners won’t always agree with its provisions

**Funding **

•More likely to get funding from bank as viewed as less risk as sole trader
- the more partners, the more risk is shared
•partnership isn’t separate legal entity from owners

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3
Q

Limited liability partnerships (LLP)

A

Governance

  • must have partnership agreement in place (how organisation will be administered)
  • must be registered at companies house

Funding

  • registered at companies house so LLP can enter contracts or own property.
  • raising finance from banks easier easier as LLP is separate legal entity responsible for assets and liabilities
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4
Q

Limited partnerships (LTD)

A

Governance

partnership agreement

  • agreement should be in place how decisions made
  • agreement in should be in place profits/loss shared.
  • this agreement should be registered at companies house.

funding

Scotland: LP has separate legal personality from partners.
- easier to own property
- easier to enter contracts

Benefit: easier to raise finance as separate legal entity responsible for assets and liabilities

England and wales: Limited partnership is not a separate legal entity, and does not have the same ability to raise finance as not a separate entity responsible for assets and liabilities.

finance is raised same way traditional partnership

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5
Q

Private limited companies (LTD)

A

Governance

The company will operate according to its articles of association
-must have at least 1 director
-common for owner to be shareholder and director

Funding

  • shares traded privately, usually between family and friends.
  • easier to raise funds through banks then sole traders
  • large companies who’s statements are audited, easy to get funding
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6
Q

Public limited companies (PLC)

A

Governance

Like LTD, PLC operates in accordance with articles of association
- Shareholders own PLC
- directors control PLC.

  • independent non-executive directors, executive directors Requirement of corporate governance code most PLC (listed on stock exchange)
    FUNDING

*freely bought and sold on stock exchange. Route to raising finance

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7
Q

Not for profit organisation (NPO)

A

Governance

Determined by

– unincorporated or incorporated.

  • board of trustees to help with oversight

Funding

Profit usually reinvested into the organisation & used as a source of capital

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8
Q

Public sector

A

Governance

  • accountable to the government

Funding

  • funded by the taxpayer
  • government sets budget which must be operated within
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