Goverment/Legal Flashcards
Federal Reserve System
the central bank of the United States, provides the nation with a safe, flexible, and stable monetary and financial system
Underwood Tariff
lowered average tariff rates from about 40 percent to about 27 percent and reintroduced a federal income tax
Versailles Treaty
signed by Germany and the Allied Nations on June 28, 1919, formally ending World War One. Required that Germany pay financial reparations, disarm, lose territory, and give up all of its overseas colonies
McNary Haugen bill
A farm-relief bill that was championed throughout the 1920s and aimed to keep agricultural prices high by authorizing the government to buy up surpluses and sell them abroad
Smoot Hawley Tariff
1930, enacted to protect U.S. farmers from foreign competition by increasing tariffs on certain foreign goods
Fair Labor Standards bill
establishes minimum wage, overtime pay eligibility, recordkeeping, and child labor standards affecting full-time and part-time workers in the private sector and in federal, state, and local governments
Atlantic Charter
a nation’s right to choose its own government, the easing of trade restrictions and a plea for postwar disarmament
Good Neighbor Policy
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt took office determined to improve relations with the nations of Central and South America. Under his leadership the United States emphasized cooperation and trade rather than military force to maintain stability in the hemisphere.
GI Bill of Rights
provided World War II veterans with funds for college education, unemployment insurance, and housing. It put higher education within the reach of millions of veterans of WWII and later military conflicts
Bracero program
System agreed to by Mexican and American governments in 1942 under which tens of thousands of Mexicans entered the United States to work temporarily in agricultural jobs in the Southwest; lasted until 1964 and inhibited labor organization among farm workers since braceros could be deported at any time.
Potsdam Conference
Last meeting of the major Allied powers; the conference that took place outside Berlin from July 17 to August 2, 1945, at which U.S. president Harry Truman, Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin, and British prime minister Clement Attlee finalized plans begun at Yalta.
Yalta Conference
a meeting held during World War II, between February 4, 1945 - February 11, 1945, by the heads of the state of the allied nations (Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill). The meeting was held to plan out the occupation of post war Germany.
Bretton Woods Conference
a gathering of delegates from 44 nations that met from July 1 to 22, 1944 in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, to agree upon a series of new rules for the post-WWII international monetary system
Truman Doctrine
established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces
Marshall Plan
provided markets for American goods, created reliable trading partners, and supported the development of stable democratic governments in Western Europe
Fair Deal
a package of economic and social reforms put forward by President Harry Truman, with the stated purpose of giving all Americans access to education, healthcare, and good jobs
Geneva Accords
the French agreed to withdraw their troops from northern Vietnam. Vietnam would be temporarily divided at the 17th parallel, pending elections within two years to choose a president and reunite the country
Guld of Tonkin resolution
gave President Lyndon Johnson authority to increase U.S. involvement in the war between North and South Vietnam
Title IX
“No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
series of bilateral conferences and international treaties signed between the United States and the Soviet Union. These treaties had the goal of reducing the number of long-range ballistic missiles (strategic arms) that each side could possess and manufacture.
Helsinki Accords
establish the inviolability of European frontiers, reject any use of force or intervention in internal affairs and urge the signatories to respect human rights
Camp David Accords
established a framework for a historic peace treaty concluded between Israel and Egypt in March 1979
Proposition 13
adopted by California voters in 1978, mandates a property tax rate of one percent, requires that properties be assessed at market value at the time of sale, and allows assessments to rise by no more than 2 percent per year until the next sale
