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Gov Test 3 > Gov Test 3 > Flashcards

Gov Test 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

13th amendment

A

1865 - Abolishes slavery - one of the biggest inequalities

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2
Q

14th amendment

A

1868 - establishes the basic idea of citizenship; guarantees the “equal protection of the law”

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3
Q

15th amendment

A

1870, Prohibits racial discrimination in voting

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4
Q

Literacy Test

A

Blacks often lack education, therefore tests on the Constitution did not go well for them

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5
Q

Poll tax

A

Impacted blacks more because they were poor

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6
Q

Grandfather clause

A

If your grandfather voted, then you could vote. Only white people could.

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7
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

Allows discrimination even by the state under the principle of “separate but equal”

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8
Q

Lynching

A

The murder of blacks by white mobs (1880-1950: c, 5,000 victims)

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9
Q

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

A

Outlaws segregation by law in education and overturns Plessy v. Ferguson. Not immediately enforced

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10
Q

Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)

A

1955 - Rosa parks refuses to give up her seat to a white man –> city-wide bus boycott –> a court decision that ends segregation in transportation

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11
Q

Sit-Ins 1960

A

1960 - challenge segregation at lunch counters

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12
Q

Birmingham Clash

A

1963 - Challenged segregation city-wide; violent response

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13
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1964

A
  • Outlawed discrimination in public accommodations (restaurants, theaters, stores) and employment
  • A response to the Civil Rights Movement, spearheaded by Pres. Johnson
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14
Q

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

A
  • Selma –> Montgomery March highlights voting right issues
  • No discrimination in voting/registration (no lit. tests; fed. officials can register AA to vote instead)
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15
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1968

A
  • Prohibits discrimination in housing
  • Prohibits red-lining (denying mortgages in minority neighborhoods)
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16
Q

de facto segregation

A

In education - minorities still largely segregated based on housing patterns (their schools get less money)

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17
Q

Seneca Falls Convention

A

1848 - Wrote the Declaration of Sentiments - calling for the equality of women. Sets voting rights as a key role

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18
Q

19th amendment

A

1920 - guarantees the women the right to vote in the US

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19
Q

Equal pay act

A

1963 - No sex discrimination in salaries. Wage gap persists (80%)

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20
Q

Title IX

A

Prohibits gender discrimination in education (outlaws sexual harassment, provides equal support for women’s’ athletics)

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21
Q

Equal rights amendment

A

1970 - failure - Opponents argues that women might be forced to work in the military, might not receive alimony

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22
Q

american indian movement

A

1970s - use forceful tacti to draw attention to Native American Rights (ex. Hostage taking at wounded knee)

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23
Q

Cesar Chavez

A

1960s - Hispanic Americans - works to organize agricultural workers to get better wages and working conditions

24
Q

Chinese exclusion

A

Asian Americans - 1882 - Chinese restricted from immigration and seeking citizenship until 1943

25
Q

Japanese internment

A

Asian Americans - WW2 1940s - 100,000 Japanese-Americans confined to internment camps out of unjustified fears of

26
Q

Lawrence v. Texas

A

2003 - Protects same-sex relationships and people will not be charged with a crime when it is consensual

27
Q

“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”

A

Gays serve openly in the military

28
Q

Obergefell v. Hodges

A

2015 - Required states to recognize same-sex marraiges

29
Q

Age discrimination act

A

1967/75 - prohibits age discrimination

30
Q

education of all handicapped Children Act

A

1975 - all children get free, appropriate education

31
Q

Americans with disabilities act

A

1990 - equal employment; physical access to buildings

32
Q

strict scrutiny

A

race - needs overwhelming justice

33
Q

intermediate scrutiny

A

Gender - needs compelling and justified purpose

34
Q

rational bias

A

Age, criminal record - needs sound rationale

35
Q

California Regents v. Bakke

A

1978 - Court rejects “quota” system

36
Q

Aderand v. Pena

A

1995 - no set-asides for minority-owned firms

37
Q

Grutter v. Bollinger

A

2013 - SC upholds race as a factor of limited weight in college admission has essentially been overturned now

38
Q

random selection

A

Limited number of people selected so that each has the same chance of being chosen; key to accurate polling

39
Q

margin of error

A

How far the poll may vary from the actual opinion

40
Q

sample

A

part of a population

41
Q

population

A

the whole

42
Q

social pressure

A

people may answer a question how they think they should (even if it is not accurate)

43
Q

direction

A

Favor or oppose

44
Q

intensity

A

How strongly the positions are held

45
Q

salience

A

How important in relation to other issues

46
Q

single-member districts

A

Not proportional representation - keeps out the third parties

47
Q

proportional representation

A

people who rep. the whole state. 60% of democrats would get those seats. 10% green would get those seates. precense of thrid parties

48
Q

third parties

A

other groups of people aside from the major parties (dem/rep.); minor parties (green, libertarian)

49
Q

party-in-the-electorate

A

Voters who identify with one political party. Self identify. Non-binding on voters. identify and recruit candidates, work polls, fundraising.

50
Q

party organization

A

Formal structure of the party. local/state/national levels; no chain of command. Activities like identifying and recruiting candidates, working polls, fundraising, getting out the vote, convention and platform

51
Q

party in government

A

party members chosen for political office. Congress and parties are increasingly polarized

52
Q

federalists

A

wanted a strong central government, favor elite, promote manufacturing

53
Q

democratic - republicans

A

Favored common people, states rights, farming

54
Q

Democrats

A

Favor westward expansion, oppose tariffs, oppose national bank, support states rights/segregation; appeal to farmers/immigrants

55
Q

Republicans

A

Favor rights for blacks; support industry, business owners

56
Q

Whigs

A

Favor government spending on roads, canals, railroads, tariffs

Gov Test 3 (1 decks)

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