Gov. Ch. 9 Test Flashcards

1
Q

European pattern from which Pilgrims fled; government dictates church of people

A

State church

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2
Q

False speech

A

Slander

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3
Q

False writing

A

Libel

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4
Q

Obscene writings or pictures designed to arouse immoral thoughts, feelings, and desires

A

Pornography

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5
Q

Freedom to publish anything, but not free against potential consequences

A

Prior Restraint

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6
Q

Restricts sale of handguns by requiring waiting period to purchase one

A

Brady Law

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7
Q

written statement issued by a judge which gives a law officer the legal right to search for a specific thing in a specific place

A

warrant

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8
Q

crime so serious it is punishable by death

A

Capital crime

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9
Q

serious crime

A

felony

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10
Q

special military courts in which members of the US Armed Forces are tried for crimes

A

Court-martial

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11
Q

highest military court in which one can appeal court-martial decisions

A

US Court of Military Appeals

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12
Q

right of civil government to take persons land or private property for public use following payment for that property

A

eminent domain

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13
Q

sum of money that a person accused of a crime deposits with a court in order to be temporarily released from jail

A

bail

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14
Q

gives states reserved power of anything not otherwise stated in constitution

A

10th amendment

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15
Q

declared slaves free

A

Emancipation Proclamation

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16
Q

right to vote

17
Q

tax imposed on voters to keep certain people (esp. poor blacks) from voting

18
Q

moved the date on which the presidents take office to eliminate “lame duck” sessions of congress

A

lame duck amendment, amendment 20

19
Q

placed restriction on power of congress to up its salary

A

Amendment 27

20
Q

Date of Constitution and BofR

A

C: 1788
B: 1791

21
Q

Which amendment applies the Bill of Rights to government

A

14 (due process)

22
Q

3 reasons for Freedom of Religion

A
  1. Prevent national religion or state church
  2. right of individual to choose own religion
  3. allow states to deal with religious institutions without federal government interference
23
Q

Said that the government could not give legal preference to any church or denomination

A

Establishment Clause

24
Q

Established 3 part test to determine establishment cases

A

Lemon v. Kurtzman, 1971

25
3 parts of Lemon Test
1. Law must have secular purpose 2. Law's primary effect must be religion neutral 3. Law must not foster excessive entanglement of government with religion
26
Gives the right to, within certain limits exercise religion freely
Free exercise clause
27
Supreme court rules that Mormon polygamy was not constitutionally protected bc it violates common standard of decency
Reynolds v. US, 1879
28
Court cases dealing with free spech
Chaplinsky vs. New Hampshire | Dennis v. US (communist leaders convicted under Smith Act)
29
Cases dealing with freedom of press
Miller v. California (established Miller test, redefined obscenity as lacking literary, artistic, political value)