Gov. Ch. 9 Test Flashcards
European pattern from which Pilgrims fled; government dictates church of people
State church
False speech
Slander
False writing
Libel
Obscene writings or pictures designed to arouse immoral thoughts, feelings, and desires
Pornography
Freedom to publish anything, but not free against potential consequences
Prior Restraint
Restricts sale of handguns by requiring waiting period to purchase one
Brady Law
written statement issued by a judge which gives a law officer the legal right to search for a specific thing in a specific place
warrant
crime so serious it is punishable by death
Capital crime
serious crime
felony
special military courts in which members of the US Armed Forces are tried for crimes
Court-martial
highest military court in which one can appeal court-martial decisions
US Court of Military Appeals
right of civil government to take persons land or private property for public use following payment for that property
eminent domain
sum of money that a person accused of a crime deposits with a court in order to be temporarily released from jail
bail
gives states reserved power of anything not otherwise stated in constitution
10th amendment
declared slaves free
Emancipation Proclamation
right to vote
suffrage
tax imposed on voters to keep certain people (esp. poor blacks) from voting
Poll tax
moved the date on which the presidents take office to eliminate “lame duck” sessions of congress
lame duck amendment, amendment 20
placed restriction on power of congress to up its salary
Amendment 27
Date of Constitution and BofR
C: 1788
B: 1791
Which amendment applies the Bill of Rights to government
14 (due process)
3 reasons for Freedom of Religion
- Prevent national religion or state church
- right of individual to choose own religion
- allow states to deal with religious institutions without federal government interference
Said that the government could not give legal preference to any church or denomination
Establishment Clause
Established 3 part test to determine establishment cases
Lemon v. Kurtzman, 1971
3 parts of Lemon Test
- Law must have secular purpose
- Law’s primary effect must be religion neutral
- Law must not foster excessive entanglement of government with religion
Gives the right to, within certain limits exercise religion freely
Free exercise clause
Supreme court rules that Mormon polygamy was not constitutionally protected bc it violates common standard of decency
Reynolds v. US, 1879
Court cases dealing with free spech
Chaplinsky vs. New Hampshire
Dennis v. US (communist leaders convicted under Smith Act)
Cases dealing with freedom of press
Miller v. California (established Miller test, redefined obscenity as lacking literary, artistic, political value)
