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Gov benchmark Flashcards

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U.S. Government Basics flashcards AP® U.S. Government flashcards
1
Q

What is a claim?

A

A statement that determines your opinion

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2
Q

what are the four main purposes of government?

A

to maintain social order, to provide public services, to protect national security, to make economies decisions

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3
Q

maintaining social order

A

the government create and enforce laws on local, state, and national levels

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4
Q

providing public services

A

our government will provide us with important services we are not skilled to do ourselves

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5
Q

protecting our national security

A

our government will raise and uphold our military to keep our borders safe: army, navy, Air Force, marines, coast guard, national guard, etc.

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6
Q

making economic decisions

A

raising / lowering taxes, creating a budget, controlling inflation, helping businesses grow

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7
Q

what is a system of government ?

A

it defines how power/control/authority is distributed in a country

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8
Q

delegated powers (national government)

A

powers given to the national government

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9
Q

expressed powers (national government)

A

written in the constitution (congress can lay and collect taxes, congress can declare war)

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10
Q

implied powers (national government)

A

not written in the constitution

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11
Q

elastic clause (national government)

A

congress has the authority to create any law ‘necessary and proper to carry our delegated powers’

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12
Q

reserved powers (state government)

A

powers given to the state government (education)

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13
Q

local government

A

local government structure is determined by the state government, local laws only apply to the people who live in that town/city/country

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14
Q

concurrent powers (all gov)

A

powers that is granted to all levels of government

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15
Q

supremacy clause (all gov)

A

any disagreement between the national and state government is automatically won by the national government.

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16
Q

unitary system

A

all powers are given to the national or central government

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17
Q

confederacy

A

all power is given to the states (there would be no central government and even if there was it would be weak)

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18
Q

federal system

A

power is divided between national, state, and local governments (USA’s system of government)

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19
Q

citizen

A

member of a political society

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20
Q

consent of the governed

A

being a citizen is an agreement between you and your government

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21
Q

civil liberties

A

your rights provided by the constitution. These are provided to anyone who is a citizen. (But not for free😉)

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22
Q

naturalization

A

process of becoming a citizen

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23
Q

constitution

A

rules for government, rights for citizens

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24
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

in exchange for citizenship, every person has rights, requirements and responsibilities

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25
Q

rights for citizens

A

life, liberty, happiness ‼️‼️

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26
Q

requirements for citizens

A

obey the law, pay taxes, be loyal to our government

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27
Q

responsibilities of citizens

A

be informed, vote, respect rights of other citizens, be a good citizen

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28
Q

how many parts does our constitution consist of?

A

3 parts; the preamble, articles, and amendments.

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29
Q

preamble (pt 1 of our constitution)

A

lists the goals ideals

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29
Q

articles (pt 2 of our constitution)

A

provides framework/ structure. explains how the goals are accomplished

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29
Q

amendments

A

changes to our constitution

30
Q

6th amendment

A

right to a trial that’s speedy and public

30
Q

bill of rights

A

the first 10 amendments (based on the English document ‘the Magna Carta’

30
Q

civil liberties

A

freedoms of rights granted to all citizens by the constitution

30
Q

5th amendment

A

protects your due process, innocent until proven guilty

30
Q

8th amendment

A

prevents you from cruel or unusual punishment

30
Q

role in government

A

written plan or ‘rule book for government’, sets limits on our governments power

30
Q

limited government

A

the government is restricted from infringing on the rights of citizens

30
Q

living document

A

our constitution can be changed/amended

31
Q

1st amendment

A

freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, petition

31
Q

4th amendment

A

protects your privacy, prevents illegal search and seizure

31
Q

oligarchy

A

small group in control

31
Q

14th amendment

A

equal protection for all, incorporation of states

31
Q

dictatorship

A

power gained by force

31
Q

autocracy

A

one person in control

31
Q

democracy

A

people who vote to have control

31
Q

monarchy

A

power inherited (king or queen)

31
Q

popular sovereignty (democracy)

A

people are the source of control in the government citizens have control because they can vote (issues, representatives)

31
Q

direct democracy

A

citizens vote directly on the issues

31
Q

representative democracy

A

citizens vote for people/representatives to make laws or policies for us

31
Q

3 branches of gov

A

Legislature, executive, judicial

32
Q

separation of powers

A

each branch has their own responsibitlity

33
Q

checks and balances

A

each branch has some power over the other 2 branches

34
Q

bicameral legislature

A

2 bodies of government
(House of reps + senate)

35
Q

judicial review

A

Supreme Court cam declare actions or legislation of congress or president unconstitutional

35
Q

executive branch

A

President, VP, cabinet, agencies. Main job is to enforce laws, they can veto congress and appoint judges

35
Q

Legislative branch

A

house of reps + senate (congress). Main responsibility is to create laws. Can override presidents veto, and impeach judges.

36
Q

Judicial Branch

A

Supreme Court. main responsibility is to interpret law, is in charge of judicial review

37
Q

executive agencies

A

Protects safety and fairness for all citizens. Enforce regulation form the governemnt

38
Q

Census

A

Population count of the US (completed every 10 years)

39
Q

Senate

A

100 members, each state gets 2 senators so its equal representation
(Serves a 6 year ter,. Must be 30 years old, a citizen for 9+ years, and a resident of that state)

39
Q

Gerrymandering

A

Process that occurs when district lines are redrawn to sway(change) outcome of elections

40
Q

House of Representatives

A

435 members, representation based on population, re apportioned when the census comes out (serves a 2 years term, must be 25 years old, a citizen for at least 7 years, a resident of that state)

40
Q

Political party

A

A group of people who raise money and elect candidates to win elections

41
Q

Platform

A

Members of the same party agree on issues as a group

41
Q

Representative democracy

A

Citizens vote to elect people to be in charge

41
Q

Suffrage

A

The right to vote

42
Q

Primary elections

A

Both the republicans and the democrats have their own mini election called the primary, this determines who will represent their party as the presidential candidate

42
Q

popular vote

A

The citizens vote

42
Q

Electoral volte

A

The popular vote for each state determines the electoral vote for that state

42
Q

Voters apathy

A

Not voting because you think your vote wont matter

42
Q

Republicans

A

(Grand old party, GOP)
Conservatives, (ex. Donald trump, George bush)
Favor state governments

42
Q

Democrats

A

Liberals
(Ex. Joe Biden, barrack Obama)

42
Q

Third party

A

any political party other than the two major ones, issue oriented

43
Q

Electoral votes

A

270 electoral votes to win the election

44
Q

How to determine the amount of electoral votes in a state..

A

of seats in house of reps + # of seats in senate
(Md has 10)

45
Q

Media influence

A

Referred to as the 4th branch of government

Gov benchmark (1 decks)

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